Developing NPP algorithms for the Arctic

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Presentation transcript:

Developing NPP algorithms for the Arctic

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Chukchi Sea

ANCOVA H0 – means between light levels are equal Source Sum-of-Squares df Mean-Square F-ratio P LIGHT_CH 170.6 5 34.1 15.1 0.000 DAILY_PP_CH 3052.7 1 1354.8 Error 1428.6 634 2.3 P < 0.00 , H0 is rejected 1% 5% 15% 30% 50% 100% 1.000 0.000 0.912 0.921 0.780 0.999 0.931 1.0000 0.99 1% 5% 15% 30% 50% 100% 1.000 0.000 0.912 0.921 0.780 0.999 0.931 1.0000 0.99

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Chukchi Sea

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Resolute Bay

ANCOVA H0 – means between light levels are equal Source Sum-of-Squares df Mean-Square F-ratio P LIGHT_CH 1027.1 5 205.4 11.7 0.000 DAILY_PP_CH 8696.4 1 495.6 Error 2913.1 166 17.5 P < 0.00 , H0 is rejected 1% 5% 15% 30% 50% 100% 1.000 0.000 0.581 0.322 0.998 0.205 0.988 0.999 0.502 1.0000 0.995

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Resolute Bay

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Barents Sea

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Combined dataset

ANCOVA H0 – means between regions are equal Source Sum-of-Squares df Mean-Square F-ratio P LIGHT_CH 2.28 2 1.14 18.55 0.000 DAILY_PP_CH 136.48 1 2220.18 Error 33.93 552 0.061 P < 0.00 , H0 is rejected Resolute Bay Chukchi Sea Barents Sea 1.000 0.000 0.361

1. Empirical chlorophyll based algorithm Combined dataset Average Chlorophyll Resolute Bay 8.1 mg m-3 Barents Sea 4.2 mg m-3 Chukchi Sea 1.2 mg m-3 Log PP = 1.36 + 1.0.Log Chl ANCOVA Chl 0.8 – 32 mg m-3 P < 0.01

1.1 Surface chlorophyll vs. Euphotic zone chlorophyll

1.1 Surface chlorophyll vs. Euphotic zone PP

1.1 Rrs vs. Euphotic zone PP

2. Model based on C:Chl ratios Behrenfeld et al. (2005) developed a productivity model based on Chl:C ratios and chlorophyll concentrations derived from ocean color satellite observations. Carbon (POC) is retrieved from backscatter Chlorophyll is retrieved from Rrs ratios (i.e OC4V4, OC3M or OC3Arc) These are coupled with mixed layer light levels from surface PAR and K490 observations and growth rates estimated from the literature. The final equation is: NPP = C . µ . Zeu . h(Io) Where C is carbon, µ is growth rate, Zeu is the euphotic depth and h(Io) describes how changes in surface light influence the depth dependent profile of carbon fixation

2. Model based on C:Chl ratios

2. Model based on C:Chl ratios Model Input Carbon (POC) is retrieved from backscatter – Behrenfeld global relationship Chlorophyll is retrieved from Rrs ratios - OC3Arc Surface PAR – estimated from observations Mixed layer light levels – estimated from observations Growth rate – literature global, 0.5 – 2 divisions d-1 h(Io) taken from Behrenfeld and Falkowski (1997) NPP = C . µ . Zeu . h(Io) Model output 1. NPP euphotic zone integrated - g C m-2 day-1

2.1 Results

2.1 Results – adjusted model

Euphotic zone integrated 1st optical depth Data Slope r2 P Chukchi Spring 0.36 0.61 < 0.01 0.82 0.81 Chukchi Summer 0.18 0.00 > 0.10 1.28 0.60

2.2 Sensitivity to model input

2.2 Sensitivity to model input Mixed layer light levels Surface PAR Growth rates r2 Slope RMS slope Mean 0.75 0.36 0.76 0.49 - 1 stdev 0.22 0.69 0.29 0.33 + 1 stdev 0.57 0.88 0.64 0.65

3.0 Comparison of both methods

Surface Chlorophyll - Spring

Surface Chlorophyll - Summer

Surface chlorophyll - Fall

Surface chlorophyll – Winter

Surface PP - Spring

Surface PP - Summer

Surface PP - Fall

Surface PP - Winter

Kd PAR – Spring + Summer