Basic Hand Tools When making working models in the Imagineering Clubs, you will be using a variety of Hand Tools. For example making the Steady Hand Game involves using Screwdrivers, Pliers and Wire Strippers Here is a quick guide to some common tools

Screwed Fixings Screwed fixings are an essential means of attaching and securing components to each other and to external surfaces They come in two main types:- Tapered (sharp ended) self-bedding, and Parallel (blunt ended) to fit with mating .pre-threaded holes

Screwed Fixings Examples of the first type are wood screws, chipboard screws, self-tapping screws Wood screws Chipboard screws Self-tapping screws

Screwed Fixings Examples of the second type are nuts and bolts, studs and set screws Nuts and bolts Double ended studs Set screws

Drive systems There are many configurations used on the heads of threaded fasteners to mate with the appropriate tool in order to turn or ‘drive’ the fastener into position The most important of these systems are shown on the next slide

Drive systems Slotted flat or straight Torq-set Phillips ‘crosshead’ PH Triple Square XZN Pozidrive (SupaDriv) PZ Tri-wing Hexagon (external) Square (external) Hexagon socket (Allen) Spline drive Spanner head (snake eye) One-way (clutch) Polydrive Torx T & TX

Drive systems All of these drive systems are made in a range of sizes to cover different sizes of fasteners The Pozidrive system is a development of the Phillips system and is the commonest for most screw types in construction and general use Hexagon drives are still the most common for nuts, bolts and some set screws but Torx drives are now widespread in engineering

Screwdrivers Screwdrivers are specified by the following characteristics:- 1. Drive system and size (eg, No. 2 Pozidrive, …5mm flat slot, No. 3 Phillips) 2. Shaft or blade length 3. Shaft or blade diameter or square section …(normally tied to drive size) 4. Grip or handle profile

Screwdrivers Some screwdrivers have special features like pump action, reversible ratchet drive and multiple loose interchangeable drive bits Ratchet and multi-bits Pump action

Screwdrivers Always use the correct drive type and size for the fastener to avoid damage and ‘cam-out’ where the drive twists out of the head Phillips and Pozidrive are NOT interchangeable When driving slotted head screws use a screwdriver whose blade is as near the width of the slot as possible and is a ‘snug’ fit in the slot

Screwdrivers Phillips screw drives are made in sizes 0 to 5, inclusive, but No’s 1,2,3 &,possibly, 4 should cover the vast majority of work Similarly, Pozidrive sizes are 0 to 4 but No’s 1,2 & 3 will be all that are needed in a normal tool kit Hexagon drives are normally used with spanners, sockets and socket keys and will be covered in a separate future set of slides

Pliers Pliers is a general name for a huge range of tools designed to do specific jobs However, for a general home workshop tool kit three types should give a good basis These are combination pliers, taper (or round) nose pliers and parallel pliers

Pliers Taper (or round) nosed Combination Parallel

Wire Strippers Wire strippers are specialist tools for removing the insulation covering from electrical wiring to expose the conductor They come in a variety of designs often combined with a wire cutter, crimper, etc Other tools can be used to strip insulation but they are generally not as quick, safe or effective

Wire Strippers Three designs of stripping tools

02.17 www.imagineering.org.uk Tools - Summary Screwdrivers – 3 common types are Slotted, Phillips & Pozidrive. Normal sizes 1,2 & 3 Pliers – many different designs but 3 most useful types are combination, taper (or round nose and parallel Wire strippers – unless you are a professional electrician, get the simplest design for the job © The Imagineering Foundation (CP) - a Charitable Incorporated Organisation no: 1158003 02.17 www.imagineering.org.uk