DRM in Proprietary Products and Digital Archive A rights metadata approach

What is DRM? Digital Rights Management It’s a class of technology used by hardware manufacturers, publishers, copyright holders to limit the use of digital content after sell

Need for DRM To Control unauthorized access Protection from piracy To protect intellectual rights

Digital rights issues Digital content is easy to obtain, duplicate and distribute Issues related to long term preservations Issues related to self archive (copy rights of the rights holder) Piracy related issues

Kinds of Digital Rights Copyright Legal deposit Privacy Trademark

Rights and Agreements Creators Rights Agreements

DRM Technology, used in various products E-book Documents like [MS Word, PDF, AutoCAD Files etc] Email services Web pages Media files (audio/ video)

DRM Technology in E books Products Format Adobe ePub; PDF Apple ePub; iBook apps on iOS devices MTMO Kno app for iOS and Android tablets Amazon Kindle Mobipocket; Topaz and PDF

DRM in media files DRM in media files (audio/ video) uses watermark technology during production and distribution

METADATA Definition (any data that describes content or data that is used to aid the identification , description and location of networked digital resources) Types: Three (i) Descriptive (ii) Administrative (iii) Structural

What is Rights Metadata The data describing rights information Its expressed through Rights Expression Languages (REL)

Types of REL INDECS EBX OEB ODRL XrML MPEG21 METS Rights Declaration Schema

INDECS Inter operability of data in ecommerce system It’s semantic model Applicable in ONIX and IDF Does not analyze any particularly defined metadata Supports e-commerce system

EBX Electronic Book eXchange working group Released in 2000 It’s an encoded XML description Purpose Permissions

OEB Open E- Book Forum Developed OEB publication structure Created a standard markup of e-book content Function

ODRL Open digital rights language It’s an IPR system developed in Australia Promoted as open standard Functioning Application

XrML Product of ContentGuard (Xerox corporation and Microsoft) It’s an XML based industry specification Emerged as right language standard Dominant REL in content industries

MPEG21 Moving picture Expert Group Aims at open framework for multimedia application It’s an XML based standard Function

METS Rights Declaration Schema An extension of the METS [Metadata Encoding and Transmission standard] It allows minimal administrative metadata for intellectual rights It’s main elements include- Rights declaration; Right holder(s) and context

Who is benefited by DRM ? Rights holder Content Provider or Publisher

Who is deprived ? The User

License against DRM GNU General Public License Creative Commons

Conclusion Self Archive License should be more explicit More promotions to open access movement by creator

References Books: 1. Caplan, Priscilla (2003) Metadata fundamentals for all librarians, American Library Association 2. Umeh, Jude (2010) the world Beyond Digital Rights Management, BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT. Web Sites: Metadata: the right approach an integrated model of descriptive and rights metadata in E-Commerce http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july98/rust/07rust.html

Thank You Krishna Chandra Mishra M.Phil Student Dept. Of Library & Information Science University of Calcutta