Paul F. Diehl Department of Political Science EU and Peacekeeping Paul F. Diehl Department of Political Science

TRADITIONAL PEACEKEEPING CHARACTERISTICS INTERPOSITION OR “BUFFER” FORCE (Limited Functions) HISTORICALLY - UN PURPOSES: LIMITATION OF ARMED CONFLICT PREVENT SURPRISE ATTACK PREVENT ACCIDENTAL ENGAGEMENT PROVIDE VERIFICATION OF CEASE-FIRE (ASSURANCE) PROMOTE ENVIRONMENT FOR NEGOTIATON

PEACEBUILDING CHARACTERSTISCS USUALLY IN CIVIL WAR CONTEXTS ACROSS MULTIPLE CONFLICT PHASES HOST STATE CONSENT NOT ESSENTIAL FAILED STATES, BIASED INTERVENTION ORGANIZING AGENCY UN, REGIONAL IOs, MULTINATIONAL COALITIONS, PRIVATE CONTRACTORS WIDE RANGE OF MISSIONS

Peace Operations Deployments by Sending Authority

European Union’s Peace Operations

Why EU Involvement? - Historically – EU members contributed some troops (e.g., Cyprus) - Bosnia as Key Turning Point Note bullet holes in walls, center photo excavation of mass grave

Reasons for EU Involvement New Security Capacity and Focus for EU UN in East Timore and UN holding back hungry in Haiti

Reasons for EU Involvement Europe as a Location for Conflict – Post-Cold War Taken from SPIRI map see attached in email.

Reasons for EU Involvement UN is often over-stretched and under-funded (demand)

Reasons for EU Involvement UN’s failures Somalia photos: boy on black hawk wreckage and black hawks patroling

Reasons for EU Involvement IOs need to show that they can stabilize their regions Photos of police force and EU troops in Bosnia

Inter-Organizational Cooperation in Peace Operations

Why Collaborate and With Whom? Possible Explanations – Cooperation Resources and Burden Sharing Complementary Activities – Comparative Advantage Spreading the Reputational Costs of Failure EU troops guarding a perimeter as the search for Ratko Mladic; UN out on patrol with tank

Why Collaborate and With Whom? Why Not More with NATO? (Greece-Turkey rivalry and inter-organizational competition)

Why Collaborate and With Whom? Other Factors and Depth of Cooperation Learning Common Security Cultures Personal Staff Connections