Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy ENERGY

Types and Forms of Energy Key Terms Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy Energy – The ability to do work. Work – When an object exerts a force over a distance to move an object. Joules (J) – Unit for measuring energy and work. Energy Conversions – Energy changed from one form to another. Kinetic Energy - Energy of a moving object. Potential Energy –Stored energy - The energy in matter due to its position or the arrangement of its parts. Renewable Energy – Energy that can be obtained in a short period of time. Non-renewable Energy – Energy sources that cannot be replenished in a short period of time.

Law of Conservation of Energy Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy The law of conservation of energy states that energy may neither be created nor destroyed, but can change its form. Energy in a system may take on various forms (e.g. kinetic, potential, heat, light). The law of conservation of energy states that energy may neither be created nor destroyed, but can change its form. Therefore the sum of all the energies in the system is a constant. An incandescent light bulb is only 5% efficient as a lighting device. It would be more efficient as a heater! All of the energy remains, but a lot is converted to “waste” form.

Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy Potential Energy Potential Energy is stored energy. Stored chemically in fuel, the nucleus of atom, and in foods. Or stored because of the work done on it: Stretching a rubber band. Winding a watch. Pulling back on a bow’s arrow. Lifting a brick high in the air. The two types of energy are kinetic and potential. Various forms of Potential energy include: Elastic – A trampoline resists being stretched out of shape Electrical – A battery operated flashlight converts electrical potential energy into light when turned on Gravitational – Like an apple falling from a tree Chemical – Energy in food is used by our bodies to move; in a lighted firecracker it is used to make a loud sound and scatter pieces of the firecracker

2 Types of Potential Energy Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy 2 Types of Potential Energy Gravitational – Energy that is dependent on height. Examples: waterfall, falling snowflake, suspension bridge. The formula to find G.P.E. is G.P.E. = Weight X Height. Elastic – Energy that is stored due to being stretched or compressed. Examples: Stretched rubber band, Stretched sling shot, compressed springs.

Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy Kinetic Energy Energy of a moving object The two types of energy are kinetic and potential. Increase students’ awareness of kinetic energy by having them: -- Identify objects in motion around them -- Compare how various objects move (walk, roll, jump, etc.) -- Analyze whether stationary objects are really moving (i.e., a plant)

The energy of motion is called kinetic energy. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. The greater the mass of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has. Kinetic energy depends on both mass and velocity.

Types and Forms of Energy Gateway To Technology Unit 3– Lesson 3.1– Investigating Energy To Summarize… 2 States Potential and Kinetic 2 Types of Potential Gravitational and Elastic 6 Forms - Heat - Nuclear - Light - Mechanical - Chemical - Electricity