Bayonet Charge LO: to fully understand the effect of language devices. LO: understand the message of the poem.

What do these terms mean? Allegory– Something symbolic, an allegory can often be a story that represents larger things, like the tortoise and the hare. Allusion- Referring to something well known, nowadays that could be a celebrity but it could be anything that fits the context of the poem (Shakespeare will make very old allusions we may not understand). Ambiguity/Ambiguous– A word or idea meaning more than one thing to provoke thought. Analogy– Compare something unfamiliar with something familiar to help people understand. Cliché– Something which is used a great amount and becomes expected or even cheesy, “raining cats and dogs”. Connotation/Connote– The associations with a word e.g. Rose—Love and Passion. Contrast– Closely placed ideas which are opposites or very different. ‘He had cold eyes but a warm heart’ Denotation/Denote– The literal definition fo something without reading too deeply into it. Euphemism– Where something distasteful is said in a more acceptable way ‘she is at peace’- she is dead Hyperbole– An over the top exaggeration for effect. Irony– Deliberate use of a false or misleading statement in such a way that the truth is apparent. “Wow dead flow-ers, what I always wanted…” Metaphor– Direct comparison of two things. States one thing is or acts as another without using words ‘like’ or ‘as’ Oxymoron– two words placed together with differing meanings to create a new meaning ‘bitter sweet’ Paradox– A situation or statement which contradicts itself. ‘the taller I get the shorter I become’. Personification– Describing an inanimate object or animal with human qualities. Pun– using words with multiple meanings while intending both, often used for comic effect. Simile– Comparing two or more objects with words ‘like’ or ‘as’

Structure Verse– A line of a poem, needn't be a complete sentence. Stanza- A collection of verses similar to a paragraph, separated from other stanzas. Rhetorical Question– A Question intended to provoke thought without expecting an answer. Rhyme Scheme– Regular or irregular (does it follow a pattern or not) popular examples are alternate rhymes abab, cross rhyme abba, or couplets aabb. Rhyme scheme often depicted by letters abcd to help follow. Enjambment– A sentence or on-going piece of text carried over verses or stanzas to continue the spoken ef-fect without pause. Form– Open (no real pattern of rhyme or length), closed (follows a specific form or pattern), couplets (pairs of rhyming lines), quatrains (stanzas of 4 lines, often rhyming), blank verse (iambic pentameter with not consistent rhyme). Fixed Forms– Some examples include Sonnets (3 quatrains and a couplet), Ballads (large poems in quatrains often telling a story) Pathetic Fallacy– Using weather or environment to reflect the themes and contexts of the poem, e.g. a horror genre may involve a dark and stormy night, joyful poems may use a sunny meadow etc. Foreshadowing– Content in the poem which gives an indication of the direction the poem will take, allows people to guess what will happen or the poet to prepare the reader.

Imagery Sensory Imagery– where the language is used to evoke the senses (sight, smell, touch, taste, sound), can often include tactile (touch based) or musical (sound based) language. Synaesthesia– The overlapping and blending of senses ’he had a soft smile’ or ’she had a fiery voice’ Tone/Mood– The way a poem or speaker is intended to sound, often suggested by the topic, content and struc-ture. This can be very subjective and is often determined by looking at the poem in its entirety.

Settling Activity: Revise! Match the term with the definition Character and Voice Imagery Form Structure Stanzas, Rhyme Blank Verse, Free Verse Verse form, Metre Onomatopoeia Metaphor Simile Personification Alliteration Length of the poem: • Any special layout • The type of poem • Tone/mood/atmosphere Offering different perspectives and different points of view

Bayonet Charge LO: understand the message of the poem.

Settling Activity: Feedback Length of the poem: • Any special layout • The type of poem • Tone/mood/atmosphere Form Structure Stanzas, Rhyme Blank Verse, Free Verse Verse form, Metre Offering different perspectives and different points of view Character and Voice Imagery Eg: Onomatopoeia Metaphor Simile Personification Alliteration

Do you understand the following terms? Imagery Form Structure Character and Voice Liz Hillier: 2011 Poetry Across Time: Conflict: Week Four

Power What does this mean to you?

Conflict What does this mean to you?

Ted Hughes 1930 to 1998 In 2008 The Times ranked Hughes fourth on their list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". Hughes' earlier poetic work is rooted in nature and, in particular, the innocent savagery of animals, an interest from an early age. He wrote frequently of the mixture of beauty and violence in the natural world. Hughes's father, a joiner, had joined the Lancashire Fusiliers and fought at Ypres. 30 000 had joined; nearly half were killed in action. A bullet narrowly escaped killing William Hughes when it lodged in a paybook in his breast pocket. He was one of just 17 men of his regiment to return from the Dardanelles Campaign (1915–16). The stories of Flanders fields filled Hughes' childhood imagination. Hughes noted, "my first six years shaped everything."

The story of the poem A soldier is charging with his gun / bayonet in hand. His is emotional; almost overcome by the passion and aggression of battle. He is almost animalistic as he savagely tears through the countryside in pursuit of the enemy.

Bayonet charge It describes a military charge. This poem seems to be heavily influenced by the fact that Hughes’ father was a veteran of the First World War (having survived his regiment’s massacre at Gallipoli), as well as by the poetry of Wilfred Owen.

Summary of events… a man charges at an enemy hedge he nearly stops he sees an injured hare he continues charging because he is scared.

Bayonet Charge LO: to analyse the poem for examples of language and structural devices.

Stereotypical assumptions of a soldier Admirable skilled Dignified Assured Prepared Willing Resilient and robust Do we see evidence of this?

Imagery He lugged a rifle numb as a smashed arm The patriotic tear that had brimmed in his eye/ Sweating like molten iron from the centre of his chest his foot hung like/ Statuary in mid-stride the shot-slashed furrows/ Threw up a yellow hare that rolled like a flame King, honour, human dignity, etcetera/ Dropped like luxuries in a yelling alarm What do these tell us about conflict?

Onomatopoeia How many examples can you find? Effect?

Consider: the use of verbs with an ‘ing’ ending the repetition of the word running the use of enjambment to place emphasis on the verbs-his actions His anonymity

What do you think the hare represents to the soldier? In the ‘fight or flight’ situation of war, the soldier is torn between his obligation to fight and his need to survive. However the poet moves away from the soldier’s experience, describing an injured hare. What do you find interesting about the language that Hughes has used to describe the hare? What do you think the hare represents to the soldier? How important is the image of the hare to your understanding of the poem? Would the poem be as effective without it?

Poem makes us think about… Conflict, the impact that it has on a soldier (the change it makes). The impact conflict has on nature. Time – no specific war is identified in this poem. Does it apply to any war?

Writing PEELs LO: to understand how to write a PEEL paragraph that shows depth and innovation of ideas.

How does Bayonet Charge portray the theme of conflict? Write down 3 ideas of how it shows this.

Turn one of the ideas into a point.