The Passive The passive consists of: form of ‘to be’ + past participle (volt. dlw.) in the passive ‘to be’ means ‘worden’: the car is washed = wordt gewassen the car was washed = werd gewassen the car will be washed = zal worden gewassen the car has been washed = is (geworden) gewassen
Passive vs. Active It’s a matter of focus: is the subject actively or passively involved? Active: Peter washes the car every week. (busy, busy Peter!) Passive: The car is washed every week. ( lazy, lazy car?)
form of ‘to be’ + past participle find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 1 find new subject (zoek nieuw onderwerp) analyse tense (analyseer de ww.-tijd) put ‘to be‘ in that tense (zet ‘be’ in die tijd) add past participle (voeg volt. dlw. toe) = Passive = form of ‘to be’ + past participle find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle
make passive 2 Peter washes the car The car by Peter. present simple find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 2 Peter washes the car The car by Peter. present simple present simple of ‘to be’ = is The car is by Peter. add past participle: washed The car is washed by Peter. (wordt gewassen) find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle
make passive 3 Peter washed the car. The car by Peter. past simple find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 3 Peter washed the car. The car by Peter. past simple past simple of ‘to be’ = was The car was by Peter. add past participle: washed The car was washed by Peter. (werd gewassen) find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle
make passive 4 Peter has washed the car. The car by Peter. find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 4 Peter has washed the car. The car by Peter. present perfect present perfect of ‘to be’ = has been The car has been by Peter. add past participle: washed The car has been washed by Peter. (is geworden gewassen) find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle
make passive 5 Peter will wash the car. The car by Peter. future find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 5 Peter will wash the car. The car by Peter. future future of ‘to be’ = will be The car will be by Peter. add past participle: washed The car will be washed by Peter. (zal worden gewassen) find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle
make passive 6 The car by Peter. present continuous find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 6 Peter is washing the car. The car by Peter. present continuous present continuous of ‘to be’ = is being The car is being by Peter. add past participle: washed The car is being washed by Peter. (is gewassen aan het worden) (wordt op dit moment gewassen)
make passive 7 Peter has been washing the car. The car by Peter. find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle Peter has been washing the car. The car by Peter. Present Perfect Continuous Pres. Perf. Cont. of ‘to be’ = has been being The car has been being by Peter. add past participle: washed The car has been being washed by Peter. (is gewassen aan het worden geweest ….) find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle
make passive 8 Peter sells cars. Cars by Peter. Present Simple find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 8 Peter sells cars. Cars by Peter. Present Simple Present simple of ‘to be’ = are (meervoud!) Cars are by Peter. add past participle: sold Cars are sold by Peter. (worden verkocht)
make passive 9 Peter didn’t sell that car. That car by Peter. find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 9 Peter didn’t sell that car. That car by Peter. Past simple negative (!) Past simple negative of ‘to be’ = wasn’t That car wasn’t by Peter. add past participle: sold That car wasn’t sold by Peter. (werd niet verkocht)
make passive 10 Peter gave you a present. You a present by Peter. find new subject analyse tense put ‘ to be‘ in that tense add past participle make passive 10 Peter gave you a present. You a present by Peter. Past simple Past simple of ‘to be’ = were (you!) You were a present by Peter. Add past participle: given You were given a present by Peter. (werd gegeven)