Table 1 Baseline characteristics of mitral valve operated patients<sup>a</sup>aAF, atrial fibrillation; LA, left atrium; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic.

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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of mitral valve operated patients<sup>a</sup>aAF, atrial fibrillation; LA, left atrium; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; NYHA, New York Heart Association classification; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; NS, not significant. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.

Table 2 Surgical procedures and in-hospital arrhythmia treatment<sup>a</sup>aNumbers represent number of patients. AF, atrial fibrillation; DC, direct current cardioversion; MVP, mitral valve plasty; MVR, mitral valve replacement; Rx, cardioversion with drugs; TVP, tricuspid valve plasty; NS, not significant. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.

Table 3 Rhythm at discharge<sup>a</sup>aNumbers represent number of patients. AF, atrial fibrillation; AFl, atrial flutter; NS, not significant. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.

Table 4 Follow-up results<sup>a</sup>aNumbers represent number of patients. AF, atrial fibrillation; AFl, atrial flutter; NS, not significant. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.

Fig. 1 Preoperative rhythm and sinus rhythm after mitral valve surgery Fig. 1 Preoperative rhythm and sinus rhythm after mitral valve surgery. Kaplan–Meier curves of patients with sinus rhythm after mitral valve surgery. The 4-year proportion of patients showing only sinus rhythm was 63.3, 29.7 and 2.0%, respectively, in patients with preoperative sinus rhythm (n=59), paroxysmal (n=29) or chronic atrial fibrillation (n=74). The curves show a significant difference: P≪0.001. The figures at the bottom represent the number of patients at risk. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.

Fig. 2 (a) Postoperative sinus rhythm and additional tricuspid repair Fig. 2 (a) Postoperative sinus rhythm and additional tricuspid repair. Kaplan–Meier curves of patients with mitral valve surgery and additional tricuspid repair, with postoperative sinus rhythm. The 4-year atrial fibrillation-free percentage was 37.3% in patients without tricuspid repair and 0% in patients with tricuspid repair. The curves show a clear difference: P≪0.001. The figures at the bottom represent the number of patients at risk. (b) Postoperative sinus rhythm in patients discharged with sinus rhythm and additional tricuspid repair. Kaplan–Meier curves of patients with mitral valve surgery and additional tricuspid repair, discharged with sinus rhythm. The 4-year atrial fibrillation-free percentage was 66% in patients without tricuspid repair and 0% in patients with tricuspid repair. The curves show a clear difference: P≪0.003. The figures at the bottom represent the number of patients at risk. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.

Fig. 3 (a) Preoperative rhythm and survival after mitral valve surgery Fig. 3 (a) Preoperative rhythm and survival after mitral valve surgery. Kaplan–Meier survival curves of patients after mitral valve surgery, with preparative sinus rhythm, paroxysmal or chronic atrial fibrillation. The 4-year survival was 95.2, 89.2 and 82.9%, respectively. The curves did not show difference: P=0.13. The figures at the bottom represent the number of patients at risk. (b) Postoperative sinus rhythm and survival after mitral valve surgery. Kaplan–Meier survival curves of patients after mitral valve surgery, with postoperative sinus rhythm or paroxysmal or chronic atrial fibrillation. The 4-year survival was 94.8 and 88%, respectively. The curves tend to show difference: P=0.05. The figures at the bottom represent the number of patients at risk. From: Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(5):530-537. doi:10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00399-7 Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.Elsevier Science B.V.