Fig. 3. Attenuation of bile duct ligation (BDL)–induced myofibroblast activation by Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) treatment. Rats (n=12 in each group)

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Fig. 3. Attenuation of bile duct ligation (BDL)–induced myofibroblast activation by Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) treatment. Rats (n=12 in each group) were pretreated with RVS (2 mg/kg) for 14 days followed by BDL operation with RVS (2 mg/kg) for additional 14 days. Sham-surgery (SHAM) group underwent the same procedures except the actual ligation of the common bile duct. BDL group was administered distilled water as a vehicle. Representative images of immunohistochemistry staining for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; appeared brown) in the liver tissue sections of SHAM (A), BDL (B), and BDL with RVS-treatment (BDL+RVS) groups (C) are shown. Nuclei (appeared purple) were counterstained by hematoxylin. Scale bar=100 µm. The amount of α-SMA and vimentin in liver homogenates was assessed by immunoblots. The representative blot images (D) and quantitative graphs revealing α-SMA (E) and vimentin (F) expression are shown. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as a loading control (n=5; *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001 compared with the SHAM group; ##P<0.01 compared with the BDL group). Data in both graphs are expressed as the mean±SD. Fig. 3. Attenuation of bile duct ligation (BDL)–induced myofibroblast activation by Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) treatment. Rats (n=12 in each group) were pretreated with RVS (2 mg/kg) for 14 days followed by BDL operation with RVS (2 mg/kg) for additional 14 days. Sham-surgery (SHAM) group underwent the same procedures except the actual ligation of the common. . . Anat Cell Biol. 2016 Sep;49(3):189-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.5115/acb.2016.49.3.189