Livestock Nutrition:Digestive System Created by: Arlene Barrett, Dennis Bratton, Mariah Gumphery ,Haley Vrazel

Objectives Summarize terms related to digestive system. Review the digestive system.

Terms Nutrient Nutrition Gastrointestinal Tract Digestive Stystems

Nutrient A substance or group of substance of similar chemical structures that aid in the support if life.

Nutrition A science that deals with the way an animal brings in a feed stuff and utilizes it through various processes and metabolic activities.

Gastrointestinal Tract A tube that allows feed stuff to be stored (middle) digested (middle), absorbed (middle) and excreted (exit). A tube with a hollow cavity with a portion in the middle with cavities that are followed with an outlet.

Digestive Systems Man and pig have a simple stomachs (non- ruminants) with an extensive intestinal system Ruminants have a complex stomach with a simpler intestinal system

Digestive System Mouth: “Prehension” tool (grasps food) Salivary glands secrete juices containing enzymes (digest food) Chewing food breaks down Esophagus: muscular tube that connects mouth to stomach Peristaltic Movement: sequential contraction of ringlike muscles Reverse Peristalsis = vomiting

2 Major Digestive Systems Both systems will be addressed in detail in the lesson to follow: Ruminants (Polygastrics)—have four stomach compartments Non-Ruminats (Monogastrics)—have one stomach compartment

Digestive System Small Intestine: long coiled tube connecting stomach to large intestine rest of the digestion and absorption takes place here surface covered with villi (increase surface area and absorption) Large Intestine: Cecum, colon, rectum absorbs water (makes feces more solid) some vitamins and minerals absorbed here

Digestive System Accessory organs: Pancreas secretes enzymes to break down fat Liver (largest internal organ) secretes bile, which digests fats also stores iron

Review Summarize terms related to digestive system. Review the digestive system.

Lab Activity Students will illustrate the swine and cattle digestive system.