Welcome to Week Eleven Fungi Life Science Week 11 Mrs. Rubright Fungi are plant-like, but they are not _____________ or _________________. They are not even ___________. angiosperms flowerless plants plants

Fungi – A type of grouping or classification They are not a plant. They grow in damp dark places. They feed on living or dead things. The examples include mushrooms, molds, and yeast.

Fungi – a diverse category Fungi may look like: Bright miniature umbrellas Waxy blobs Green fuzz White flowers Purple sponges Red cups

Fungi – Structure Fungi are nonvascular organisms that don’t have chlorophyll They can’t photosynthesize to make their own food. Fungi are heterotrophs, feeding off other organisms Fungi are saprophytes, organisms that absorb their food from living and nonliving things

Fungi – Structure Hyphae are threadlike filaments that produce enzymes to break down organic material and weave together to form different kinds of fungi. Mycelium is the large mass of hyphae that forms the growing structure. Unlike plant and animal cells, hyphae are a continuous thread that contains many nuclei that aren’t divided by cell walls.

Mushroom –Type of Fungi The cap part is called the fruiting bodies. This houses gills and spores. Spores are small reproductive cells that can develop into an adult without fusing with other cells When ready, the spores release and scatter. If the land has suitable soil, they grow new mushrooms.

Mold and Mildew These usually do not produce fruiting bodies. They grow in warm, damp, dark places, feeding on living or dead things such as paper and wood. Mildew - looks like a white power or black patches. It grows in damp places – like a bathroom. Mold – shapeless, fuzzy fungi with cottony myceliums. Mold spores give different kinds of mold different colors This may be found as small blue spots or green furry spots on old bread. Hyphae of bread mold Hyphae of powdery mildew on the surface of a grape leaf

Fungi and the World Many plants could not survive without fungi. Helpful fungi grow on 80% of plants Some send their hyphae into the roots of plants This helpful interaction between fungi and tree roots is called a mycorrhizal relationship Lichens also work together with other plants. Lichens are made of 2 different organisms: fungi and algae This interaction is called mutualism Fungi provides water and nutrients. The algae makes food through photosynthesis and shares it with the fungi. This allows fungi and algae to live in harsh climates

Useful kinds of Fungi Yeast is used to make bread. Penicillin is a type of mold used to cure various diseases. Mold is also used to make certain cheeses.

Harmful kinds of Fungi Many mushrooms are poisons. Certain molds can kill plants. Fungi can cause skin diseases on humans. Some examples include ringworms and athlete’s foot.

Question 14 What am I called? I am not a plant. I grow in damp dark places. I feed on living or dead things. I could be mushrooms, molds or yeast. I am: _________ Fungi

Question 15 What am I called? I am a type of fungus. I have a cap part that is called the fruiting body. It houses gills and spores. When my spores are ready, I release and scatter them. If the land has suitable soil, they grow new mushrooms. I am a: ____________ Mushroom

Question 16 What are our names? We are not plants. We do not produce fruiting bodies. We grow in warm, damp, dark places, feeding on living or dead things such as paper and wood. We are _________________________ Mold and Mildew