Music Theory I Unit 1: Music History.

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Presentation transcript:

Music Theory I Unit 1: Music History

What IS music theory? The study of the practices and possibilities of music How music is constructed

The Medieval Period From 400-1400 AD (1,000 years!) Literally translated as the “middle” period Three classes of people (the feudal system): Nobility Clergy Peasants The Medieval Period

Nobility First class citizens below the monarch Rich landowners Mounted warriors who swore allegiance to the king/queen & swore to fight in exchange for a plot of land Born into this class- usually didn’t move up or down

Clergy Second class citizens Priests and monks Lived in and worked for the church

Peasants Third class citizens Most people belonged to this class Poor farmers Lived on nobles’ plots of land and worked for them (for terrible pay) Born into this class Average age of a peasant was 30 YEARS OLD! Ate little more than black bread and turnips

Medieval black bread

Sacred Music Sacred music is the music of the church Church was the central part of peoples’ lives Church controlled the majority of society’s money Church employed many different workers

Plainsong Sacred music of the Medieval Period was called plainsong Consisted of one single melody, words in Latin Words kept simple so everyone could easily understand Words came from the Roman Catholic liturgy (bible verses) Written down by monks on four-line staves using square notes called neumes Most well-known form of plainsong is called Gregorian Chant, named in honor of Pope Gregory I

GREGORIAN CHANT

Secular Music Secular Music is non-religious music Grew in popularity during Medieval Period Minstrels traveled from castle to castle singing songs, telling stories, and performing tricks Songs and stories about love, life, and chivalry

Secular Music Consisted of a single, simple melody Usually sung in the common language, not in Latin Tempo was faster than sacred music Accompanied by string or percussion instruments

Psaltery Lute

Shawm

End of the Medieval Period Life began to improve and become more civilized People began to focus less on religion and more on music and art A new type of music emerged: POLYPHONY (two or more melodies happening at the same time)