The Politics of Food Agenda for Tuesday April 7 Carry-over: cage-free eggs; “fresh” The FDA and fortification The FDA and Olean The FDA and genetically-engineered foods [Note: these slides have been posted to Canvas]

What is “fresh”? Is this fruit cup “fresh”?

What is “fresh”? Is it “fresh” if the shippers and packers use “delayed-ripening technology”?

What is “fresh”? How long can eggs be refrigerated and still be considered fresh?

What is “fresh”? Is it fresh if it was treated by irraditaion?

Is this juice fresh?

Is this milk fresh?

Is this juice fresh?

Cold Storage Eggs

The F in FDA Does not include meat,* poultry, eggs, or liquor (*unless under 3%) Does not include fowl or game Includes some, but not all, fish Includes milk, in partnership with the states Organic food labeling

The F in FDA Incudes all other “food” And food additives. But not “dietary supplements.”

Is this “food”?

Is this food?

Is this food?

Enrichment v. fortification: what is the difference?

Voluntary fortification

Should there be limits on what can be fortified?

Fortification for public health

“Standard of identity” for enriched flour

Olestra, a “food additive”

Warning label (1996-2003)

Food Additives Amendment of 1958 Safe if there is “a reasonable certainty in the minds of competent scientists that the substance is not harmful under the intended conditions of use.

Food Additives Amendment of 1958 Safe if there is “a reasonable certainty in the minds of competent scientists that the substance is not harmful under the intended conditions of use. It is impossible in the present state of scientific knowledge to establish with complete certainty the absolute harmlessness of the use of any substance.”

FDA and genetically-engineered foods Is genetically-engineered food “adulterated” or is it a “food additive”? What standard of proof to determine safety?