Othello But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve For daws to peck at: I am not what I am an old black ram Is tupping your white ewe. The robbed that smiles, steals something from the thief If she be false, O! then heaven mocks itself Your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs O curse of marriage, That we can call these delicate creatures ours, And not their appetites! O! beware, my lord, of jealousy; It is the green-ey'd monster which doth mock The meat it feeds on When devils so their blackest sins put on they do so at first with heavenly shows Who would not make her husband a cuckold, to make him a monarch? Oh damned Iago. Oh inhuman dog O! I have lost my reputation! I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial do it not with poison: strangle her in her bed I’ll pour this pestilence into his ear I will chop her into messes! Cuckold me! You rise to play and go to bed to work They are all but stomachs and we all but food; they eat us hungry, and when they are full, they belch us I kissed thee ere I killed thee, no way but this, Killing myself, to die upon a kiss And nothing can, or shall, content my soul Till I am evened with him, wife for wife The Moor is of a free and open nature, That thinks men honest that but seem to be so

Paper 1: Drama - Exam example Othello 7 Explore how Shakespeare presents the disturbing aspects of human nature in Othello. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. (Total for Question 7 = 35 marks) OR 8 Explore Shakespeare’s presentation of betrayal in Othello. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. (Total for Question 8 = 35 marks)

Othello Revision Quotes Context Anthology links Essay plans/introductions

Typical Tragic conventions Do you remember? T H C A P Turtles Hate Hitler, Cats Adore Putin

Typical Tragic conventions Tragic Hero Hubris Hamartia Catharsis Anagnorisis Peripeteia What are they? When do they occur?

Typical Tragic conventions Tragic Hero – A error in judgement that leads to their downfall Hubris – Defy the Gods because of excessive pride Hamartia – An error of Judgement or destructive weakness in a character Catharsis - Experiencing negative emotion vicariously Anagnorisis – A moment of realisation or a critical discovery Peripeteia– Reversal in fortune

Contextual factors Genre Geographical Literary Historical Sociological (Social behaviour) Biographical Can you remember at least one link for each of these factors?

Shakespeare’s Setting Why do you think Shakespeare has chosen these two settings for his play? What tragic conventions do they lend themselves to? Research: What other significant tragic settings has Shakespeare selected in his other work?

Literary Historical Origin text – key information. Other texts that reference race or feminism written around the same time. Other representations of Race/Feminism in Shakespeare’s canon. Other texts inspired by Othello – race, jealousy or feminism. Links to Greek tragedy/Greek literature. British historical timeline. Outcome of Venetian/Turkish war  The history of the Moors The renaissance James I Sociological (Social behaviour) Biographical Biographical timeline Relationship with his wife. His attitude towards race and women. Attitudes towards Race at the time. Attitudes towards Women at the time. Attitudes towards Marriage at the time. Religious beliefs at the time. British views on Italians at the time.

Key Moment vs Contextual links Below are 5 moments from the play. Write them down and make at least one contextual link that impacts on this moment. When Iago gives Othello the spotted Handkerchief. When Cassio has a drunk brawl Brabantio’s reaction to Othello in act 1. When Iago kills Emilia. Cassio’s treatment of Bianca.

Othello Revision Quotes Context Anthology links Essay plans/Introductions

Tragedy Anthology – Remembering Criticism We looked at these 3 anthology quotes “Is the tragic motor human error or capricious fate?” “Shakespeare’s tragedies provoke the questions about the cause of the pain and loss.” “Tragedy, for Shakespeare, is the genre of uncompensated suffering.” Return to your anthologies: – Select 3 critics that you are going to revise and remember. Number 1 and 2 are absolute musts. Critic’s name Critic’s theory Critic’s quote

Othello But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve For daws to peck at: I am not what I am an old black ram Is tupping your white ewe. The robbed that smiles, steals something from the thief If she be false, O! then heaven mocks itself Your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs Now that you have your 3 critics try and match them with relevant key moments and quotes: Critic’s name Critic’s theory Critic’s quote Othello Key moment Othello Quote O curse of marriage, That we can call these delicate creatures ours, And not their appetites! O! beware, my lord, of jealousy; It is the green-ey'd monster which doth mock The meat it feeds on When devils so their blackest sins put on they do so at first with heavenly shows Who would not make her husband a cuckold, to make him a monarch? Oh damned Iago. Oh inhuman dog O! I have lost my reputation! I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial do it not with poison: strangle her in her bed I’ll pour this pestilence into his ear I will chop her into messes! Cuckold me! You rise to play and go to bed to work They are all but stomachs and we all but food; they eat us hungry, and when they are full, they belch us I kissed thee ere I killed thee, no way but this, Killing myself, to die upon a kiss And nothing can, or shall, content my soul Till I am evened with him, wife for wife The Moor is of a free and open nature, That thinks men honest that but seem to be so

Tragedy Anthology – Remembering Criticism We looked at these 3 anthology quotes “Is the tragic motor human error or capricious fate?” “Shakespeare’s tragedies provoke the questions about the cause of the pain and loss.” “Tragedy, for Shakespeare, is the genre of uncompensated suffering.” Finally, decide how you would use the critic, to support or to counter: Critic’s name Critic’s theory Critic’s quote Othello Key moment Othello Quote Support or counter - Evaluate This idea is supported by… This idea opposes the ideas of…

5,4,3,2,1… Today’s 54321 is Thousand Splendid Suns (Women + Society) – How does the writer portray a patriarchal society 5 – 5 possible answers to this question. 4 – 4 key moments/quotes/characters for this essay topic. 3 – 3 comparisons with Tess. 2 – 2 contextual links for this topic. 1 – 1 audience reaction to this topic.

Othello Revision Quotes Context Anthology links Essay plans/Introductions

Paper 1: Drama - Exam example Othello 7 Explore how Shakespeare presents the disturbing aspects of human nature in Othello. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. (Total for Question 7 = 35 marks) OR 8 Explore Shakespeare’s presentation of betrayal in Othello. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. (Total for Question 8 = 35 marks)

8 Explore Shakespeare’s presentation of betrayal in Othello 8 Explore Shakespeare’s presentation of betrayal in Othello. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. Ideas about Betrayal: 1. 2. 3. 4. Key moments that support these ideas: 1. 2. 3. 4. Quotes: 1. 2. 3. 4. Context: 1. 2. Critics: 1. 2.

A good introduction? In this essay I am going to be exploring the theme of Betrayal in Othello by William Shakespeare. Betrayal is defined as "an act of deliberate disloyalty“ and this is certainly the case in Othello with Iago’s betrayal of Othello and ‘The Moor’s’ betrayal of his loving wife Desdemona. Betrayal is an important theme in the play because it demonstrates the true nature of the main characters. What does this introduction remind you of?

A good introduction… What should a good introduction do? Context Writer’s intentions Create a Viewpoint or stance – Form a line of argument Outline ideas – where are we going? Relevant Shakespeare context Links = intertextuality Anthology/Critic

A good introduction… What should a good introduction do? Define the question Answer the question Outline the structure of the essay Show textual knowledge Show contextual knowledge Make links to other texts/interpretations Get key terminology/concepts across Create a Viewpoint or stance – Form a line of argument

A good introduction? It is said that “Tragedy, for Shakespeare, is the genre of uncompensated suffering.” This is certainly the case with the Bards development of a complex web of betrayal in Othello. Shakespeare either presents betrayal as a tragic by-product of Jealousy or a damaging cause of sadness and death in the play. The exploration of this topic will require the in depth analysis of the ‘inhuman dog’ Iago and his relationship with the other characters, as well as the understanding of the social and racial pressures put on the tragic hero Othello by a mistrusting Venetian society. But ultimately it is Shakespeare’s concept that tragically betrayal succeeds over love and loyalty that is most disturbing and interesting. It is time to rewrite my introduction using every element of our checklist.

5,4,3,2,1… Today’s 54321 is Tess (Women + Society) – How does the writer portray Female hopes and dreams? 5 – 5 possible answers to this question. 4 – 4 key moments/quotes/characters for this essay topic. 3 – 3 comparisons with Thousand Splendid Suns. 2 – 2 contextual links for this topic. 1 – 1 audience reaction to this topic.

Othello Revision Quotes Context Anthology links Essay plans/Introductions Creating a Mock Sitting a Mock

Paper 1: Drama – Create an Exam Othello 7 Explore how Shakespeare presents the disturbing aspects of human nature in Othello. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. (Total for Question 7 = 35 marks) OR 8 Explore Shakespeare’s presentation __________________________. You must relate your discussion to relevant contextual factors and ideas from your critical reading. (Total for Question 8 = 35 marks)

Create the Mark Scheme What is the indicative content? (What points should they come up with?) What Key moments/Character should they have discussed? What quotes should they have used? What Contextual links should they have made? (remember all elements of context) What anthology links should they have made?

Othello Revision Quotes Context Anthology links Essay plans/Introductions Creating a Mock Sitting a Mock