IMPERIALISM CARVING UP AFRICA

What are the effects of Imperialism on the continent of Africa? EQ 2-2 What are the effects of Imperialism on the continent of Africa?

Africa in the early 1800s Europeans have possessions only on the coast.

Africa by 1914

“Dark Continent” 1400s – early 1800s contact is just on the coast for trade. Maps of the continent had no detail on the interior. Europe referred to Africa as the “Dark Continent” because they could not explore beyond the coast1

Old Map of Africa “The Dark Continent” ?

1871 - Books about exploring Africa

First Explorers 1800s European Explorers push into the continent thanks to quinine which prevents Malaria2 Mungo Park and Richard Burton set out to map the course and sources of the Niger, Nile, and Congo rivers

Missionaries Convert those pagans Did not care about African culture Built schools and hospitals3 Most famous was Dr. David Livingston4

The Statue of Livingston at Victoria Falls

First Nation · King Leopold II5 of Belgium wants the Congo River Basin. · Publicly says it is to help the Africans · Privately he wanted conquest and profit. · His actions will prompt other European Nations to get involved in the land grab.

King Leopold II

Berlin Conference6 WHY – Conference was held so the Europeans don’t fight over who gets what in Africa7 WHERE/When - Berlin, Germany in 18848 WHO – Europeans but NO Africans invited9

Berlin Conference cont’d RULE: European country can’t claim a part of Africa unless it sets up a gov’t office there.10 RESULT: Europeans send officials to rule African countries11

Did not care about how they did it boundaries were drawn with little regard or understanding about traditional African social patterns or ethnic groups These boarders were arbitrary – random12

Long-Term Consequence 1 When African nations do get their independence, they’ll need to set up governments from scratch. Europeans set up governments and in the process destroy local governments.

Long-Term Consequence 2 Europeans divide some African societies by race. Allowing the ‘lighter’ skinned Africans to rule over the ‘darker’ skinned Africans. This will cause racial conflicts in South Africa and genocide in Rwanda and the Sudan.

Countries who got involved France largest – as big as U.S.13 Britain smaller but better Portugal Spain Germany Italy Belgium

Africa in the early 1800s Europeans have possessions only on the coast.

Africa by 1914 THEY TOOK EVERYTHING!