Work safe By Mr. Viedy

Pre Test 1. Below are the Self Protector device when working in the laboratory, except ........ a. Laboratory Coat c. Fire Extinguisher b. Mask d. Gloves 2. The following are the methods to store flammable subtances, except ......... a. Keep away from heat source b. Store in high temperature c. Store in low temperature d. Keep away from electric sparks and cigarettes

MATERI THIS CHAPTER WILL DISCUSS ABOUT : A. USING DEVICES AND CHEMICALS SAFELY B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE C. IDENTIFYING LABORATORY SYMBOLS.

A. USING DEVICES AND CHEMICALS SAFELY When we work in the laboratory, we must becareful in using devices and chemical materials We must getting familiar with the names and method of operation the device available and of using the chemicals efficiently. example : MICROSCOPE

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE The method the simplify identification of dangerous chemicals is by grouping them. a. POISONOUS CHEMICALS basicly all chemicals are poisonous, it depends on the amount of the substance entering the body. Ex : the medicine Chemicals can enter the body through three channels, mouth (swallowed), skin, and mechanism of respiration.

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE For examples : CCl4 (calium chloride) and benzene, can cause destruction in liver Metal isocyanate (Mic), can cause blindness and death Mercury compound can cause alienation in genetic or hereditary deviation. Many compounds witch contain benzene ring, nikel compounds, and chrome have carcinogenic

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE The influence of poisons on human body is devided into two, ACUTE and CHRONIC Acute is the influence of some dosage of which effect can be felt in a short time. Ex : CO gas. Chronic is refers to a posioning effect of material in small dosage, but the effect continous and can be felt for a long time. Ex : benzene and hydro carbon

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE To avoid intoxication in the laboratory, we must : Avoiding eating and drinking in laboratory Using the right self protecting (masker, gloves, and protecting glasses. For poison materials, we can store the dangerous chemicals which are : Store in cold chamber with ventilation Keep away from fire hazard Separate from materials which possible react.

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE CORROSIVE CHEMICALS Corrosive chemicals can destroy various devices of metal, and if contact with skin can cause irritation and inflamation. example : sulphuric acid (H2SO4), Chloride Acid (HCl) 1. Liquid Corrosive Materials - Mineral acids (H2SO4, HCl) - Organic acids (Asetat acid, formiat acid) - Organic solvent (carbon sulfide, petroleum)

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE CORROSIVE CHEMICALS 2. Solid Corrosive materials - Base (NaOH, kalium sianida) - Acid (Trichloro asetat) - Other (Na, Potasium (K), Phenol) 3. Gases Corrosive materials - Highly soluable (amonia, HCl) - Medium soluable (Br, Cl) - low soluable (Ozon, nitrogen oxide)

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE c. FLAMMABLE CHEMICALS Any three according to the phase : 1. Solids (sulphur, metal hidride) 2. Liquids (alcohol, benzene) 3. Gases (Hydrogen) we can store flammable chemical : a. store in cold chamber with ventilation b. Keep away from heat sorce (fire), especially electric spark and cigarrete. c. Prepare fire extingusing device

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE d. EXPLOSIVE CHEMICALS Unstable chemicals can easily explode. While the factors can cause explosion are follows : 1. storage temperature 2. impact and mechanical friction 3. humidity 4. electricity 5. the influence of other chemicals in the storage

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE e. OXIDIZER CHEMICALS Oxidizer chemicals are the chemicals that can produce oxygen when reacting with another compound. 1. anorganic oxidizers (hydrogen peroxide) 2. organic peroxide (asetil peroxide)

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE f. WATER-REACTIVE CHEMICALS are chemicals which easily react with water. Those chemicals can produce strong heat or flammable gases. example : Na, K, Ca g. ACID-REACTIVE CHEMICALS are chemicals which easily react with acid. Those chemicals can produce strong heat or poisonous gases. example : Alkali metal

B. MATERIALS WHICH ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE h. RADIOACTIVE CHEMICALS are chemicals can emit radiation of alpha ray, beta ray, and gamma ray. Those materials are widely used as material for synthesis and analysis. Also threating illness. but Radiation rays produces can disturb or destroy the body tissue

C. IDENTIFYING LABORATORY SYMBOLS.

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