The Great Compromise SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution. a. Explain how weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation and Daniel Shays’ Rebellion led to a call for a stronger central government. b. Evaluate the major arguments of the anti-Federalists and Federalists during the debate on ratification of the Constitution as put forth in The Federalist concerning form of government, factions, checks and balances, and the power of the executive, including the roles of Alexander Hamilton and James Madison. c. Explain the key features of the Constitution, specifically the Great Compromise, separation of powers (influence of Montesquieu), limited government, and the issue of slavery. d. Analyze how the Bill of Rights serves as a protector of individual and states’ rights. e. Explain the importance of the Presidencies of George Washington and John Adams; include the Whiskey Rebellion, non-intervention in Europe, and the development of political parties (Alexander Hamilton).

The Great Compromise: Legislative Structure Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Derived from the people, based on POPULATION of the state Derived from the states, EQUAL representation—i.e. equal votes for each state regardless of size

The Great Compromise: Legislative Structure MIX: House of Representatives: based on population and Senate: Equal—two form each state

The Great Compromise: Legislative Structure Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Bicameral Unicameral

The Great Compromise: Legislative Structure Bicameral: one house is equal and the other based on population

The Great Compromise: Executive Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Size undetermined; elected and removable by Congress More than one person; removable by majority

The Great Compromise: Executive Single Executive; removable by impeachment; Electoral College

The Great Compromise: Judiciary Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Life tenure; able to veto legislation No power over states

The Great Compromise: Judiciary Life tenure; judicial review; vague

The Great Compromise: State Laws Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Federal legislation could override No power over states

The Great Compromise: State Laws National Government is Supreme

The Great Compromise: Ratification Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan By the people By the states

The Great Compromise: Ratification Ratification conventions in each state, allows both the people and the states to be involved

The Constitutional Convention Write the questions and answers The Constitutional Convention Write the questions and answers. Underline or highlight your answers Who proposed the Virginia Plan? New Jersey Plan? Great Compromise? Explain the Three-Fifths Compromise. Explain the Slave Trade Compromise. Which plan is most like the Articles of Confederation? Why do you think so? Which plan to you agree with? Why? EXPLAIN