LONDON UNDERGROUND

MIND THE GAP

HISTORY (1/6) 1863 First underground railway line opened 1870 First tube tunnel was opened 1884 The Circle Line was opened 1890 First worldwide deep level electric railway

HISTORY (2/6) 1902 Foundation of the Underground Railway Company of London 1908 The name “Underground” first appeared on stations 1911 First electrical escalator 1913 Appearance of the circle and horizontal bar symbol

THE ROUNDEL

HISTORY (3/6) 1933 The Underground Group and the Metropolitan Railway became part of the London Passenger Transport Board 1933 First Underground Map in diagrammatic form

THE FIRST UNDERGROUND MAP

HISTORY (4/6) 1940 From September 1940 until 1945 Tube station platforms were used as air raid shelters.

GHOST STATION ALDWYCH http://www.starfury.demon.co.uk/uground/

GHOST STATION DOWN STREET http://www.starfury.demon.co.uk/uground/

HISTORY (5/6) 1948 Nationalisation of the London Passenger Transport Board 1971 The last steam locomotive was replaced 1975 Fatal accident at Moorgate – 43 fatalities 1987 Fire at King’s Cross – 31 people were killed

HISTORY (6/6) 1994 Introduction of £10 penalty fares 1999 London Underground restructured in preparation for Public Private Partnership 1999 Opening of the extended Jubilee line – the last opened line up to date

LONDON TUBE MAP

DOWNTOWN LONDON

FUTURE PROJECTS New connection of Southern London to the underground network Extension of the existing East London Line Costs: around £600 million

3 million passenger journeys a day 1 billion passengers a year SOME FACTS 253 miles (406 km) 150‘000 entries per hour 511 trains 42% underground 13‘000 staff 275 stations 408 escalators 3 million passenger journeys a day 112 lifts 1 billion passengers a year

TICKET FARES £1.60 single fare for zone 1 £1 single fare for any other zone £3.60 single fare for all zones

DISCUSSION Have you ever travelled by underground? What do you think about an underground railway in Zurich or Winterthur?