Suicide Prevention.

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Presentation transcript:

Suicide Prevention

Credits: Barbara Bush, PsyD. Student Assistance Counselor - WAMS Chad Gillikin, MSW, LCSW Student Assistance Counselor - RHS

Overview Definition of Adolescent Suicide Prevalence / Statistics Depression in Children – Signs Depression in Adolescence - Signs Youth Risk Factors Warning Signs: FACT General Guidelines for Intervention BOE Policy Confidentiality

Suicide Definition Suicide is the act of deliberately taking one's own life. Suicidal behavior is any deliberate action with potentially life-threatening consequences, such as taking a drug overdose or deliberately crashing a car.

Suicide Suicide attempts that do not result in death far outnumber completed suicides. Many unsuccessful suicide attempts are carried out in a manner that makes rescue possible. They often represent a desperate cry for help.

Statistics Each year 1 out of 5 teens seriously consider suicide and 1 in 12 attempt suicide. Only 1/3 of depressed teens are identified In 2002 approximately 1500 teenagers (15-19) died by suicide. Suicide is the third leading cause of death for youth, the second for college students.

Statistics Continued… There is no typical suicide victim. Only 18% told a professional their intentions 20% of us will have a suicide within our immediate family. 60% of us will know someone who dies by suicide.

Depression: Recognizing a Risk Factor

Symptoms of Depression (Adolescents) Depressive illnesses/anxiety may be disguised as, or presented as, eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia, drug/alcohol abuse Sexual promiscuity Risk-taking behavior such as reckless driving, unprotected sex, carelessness when walking across busy streets, or on bridges or cliffs.

Symptoms of Depression (Adolescents) Social isolation Running away Constant disobedience Getting into trouble Physical or sexual assaults against others Failure to care about appearance/hygiene No sense of self or of values/morals Difficulty cultivating relationships Inability to establish/stick with occupational/educational goals.

Adolescent Acting out or Depression It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between teen rebellion and depression. Sometimes teens engage in substance use to relieve depression. Teen depression can mimic other disorders such as AD/HD, Substance Abuse, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Bi-Polar Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Youth Risk Factors Previous suicide attempts Depression or Anxiety Anger / Aggression Substance Abuse Family history of suicidal behavior Conduct or disruptive disorders Sexual orientation Social isolation Family / School Disenfranchisement Access to firearms Teen Pregnancy

Warning Signs v. Risk Factors Warning signs suggest imminent danger Awareness promotes early detection and intervention FACT (Kalafat, O’Halloran, and Underwood, Lifelines, 2003) Feelings Actions Change and Threats Suicide warning signs= FACT

FACT warning signs Feelings: hopeless-things will never get better Helpless: there is nothing I can do about it. Worthless; everyone would be better off without me. Guilt, shame, self hatred- “What I did was unforgivable Pervasive sadness Persistent anxiety Persistent agitation Persistent, uncharacteristic anger, hostility or irritability.

FACT warning signs Actions Uncharacteristic aggression Risk taking Withdraw from friends/activities Recent losses-death, divorce, relationship, job, status, self-esteem Getting into trouble, discipline problems Drug or alcohol use Themes of death or destruction in talk, writing or websites

FACT warning signs Change Personality-more withdrawn, low energy, apathetic, or more boisterous, talkative, outgoing. Can’t concentrate on school, work, routine tasks. Loss of interest in personal appearance, hygiene, neatness of personal items, space Loss of interest in hobbies, work, sex Marked decrease in work performance Sleep, appetite increase or decrease Sudden improvement after period of being down or withdrawn.

FACT warning signs Threats Statements-talking about suicide directly or indirectly, e.g. “How long does it take to bleed to death”,written themes of death, preoccupation with subject of death Threats- “I won’t be around much longer”, writing suicide note, making direct threat. Plans- Give away prized possessions, making final arrangements-putting affairs in order, studying drug effects, obtaining a weapon Sub-lethal gestures or attempts, e.g. overdose, wrist cutting

“Gatekeeper” General Guidelines One who recognizes suicidal behavior, how to respond appropriately and where to get help. Listen with empathy Know your limits and resources ACT Acknowledge, Care and Tell

When Listening, Don’t Panic Over react Under react Patronize or offer premature caring Preach Abandon

Your Responsibility Response to potential suicide Any indication of a potential suicide, whether personally witnessed or received by report from another, must be taken seriously and must be reported IMMEDIATLEY.

BOE Policy 5350 BOE directs all personnel to be aware of the warning signs of child and adolescent depression or potential suicide and to follow procedure Signs shall be taken seriously and reported to the building principal, who shall notify the parents and other professional staff in accordance with BOE procedure

Teacher Confidentiality If a student indicates they want to tell you something, but wants you to promise not to reveal the information; tell them you must share information if it involves harming themselves or others. Then follow BOE policy. Do not discuss the student’s comments or situation with others, except within BOE policy.

Treatment Psychotherapy (CBT) and/or Medication 80% respond positively to treatment Indicate that they feel better Increased functioning Early Intervention = Positive Results CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy

You Can Help Know the warning signs Report Immediately Prevention may be a matter of a caring person with the right knowledge being available in the right place at the right time.

Resources Student Assistance Counselors at Ridge Chad Gillikin Meghan Hoffman Guidance Counselors Mr Howlett or Mrs. Tenga Your teachers School Nurses