Chapter 9 Section 1 Review Use your reading material or study sheet to find the answers If you answer correctly, I’ll give you a surprise RAISE YOUR HAND to answer a question Chapter 9 Section 1 Review

What were the three branches of the Roman Republic? Legislative Judicial Executive What were the three branches of the Roman Republic?

The Punic Wars were a series of… Two wars Four wars Five wars Three wars The Punic Wars were a series of…

What year did Romulus make Rome’s border? 753 B.C What year did Romulus make Rome’s border?

Preview Warm-up question: What can peace bring? Look at the vocabulary words on pg. 246 What (or who) do you think this section is about? Circle any words you don’t understand Highlight all the words under Terms and Names Highlight the key questions in each chapter Warm-up question: What can peace bring? Preview

Rome Becomes an Empire Chapter 9 Section 2

KQ: What led to conflict in Rome? Wealthy Romans neglected civic duty and only wanted to gain power, making the gap between rich and poor increase. Reforms Fail Reformers wanted to break up estates and give land to the poor, but the wealthy people felt threatened Civil War Generals became rich and hired farmers to be soldiers, who gave the their loyalty to them (generals), not the republic. Generals wanted more power, which led to civil war. Conflicts at Home

Conflicts at Home Who fought the civil war? Who won the civil war? KQ: What led to conflict in Rome? Who fought the civil war? The plebeians and patricians Who won the civil war? The patricians What year did they win? 82 B.C. Who became the dictator of Rome? Sulla Conflicts at Home

Julius Caesar What was Caesar known for? Who did he help? KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments? What was Caesar known for? Being a general, politician, dictator Who did he help? The plebeians (common people) Who was against/opposed to him? The Senate and wealthy, especially Cicero Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar Dictator For Life KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments? Dictator For Life Before 46 B.C. The Senate wanted Caesar to break up his army, but Caesar led the army to Italy and fought for Rome In 46 B.C. He returned to Rome and became the sole (only) ruler in Rome In 44 B.C. He was named dictator for life (6 months max) Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar Caesar’s Reform KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments? Caesar’s Reform Even though Caesar was an absolute ruler (someone who has total control over every citizen), these were his reforms: Expanded the Senate Enforced laws against crime Created jobs for the poor Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar Assassination and Legacy KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments? Assassination and Legacy What happened on March 15 44 B.C.? Caesar was assassinated by senators Why was Caesar assassinated? Senators were afraid of his power (that he would become king) Julius Caesar

KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death? Many Roman rulers struggled to keep power, which led to another civil war that ended the Roman Republic In 27 B.C., Octavian became the ruler of Rome and changed his name to Augustus Emperors Rule Rome

Emperors Rule Rome Augustus Rebuilds Rome KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death? Augustus Rebuilds Rome Restored the republican government: Augustus had control over consuls, senators, and tribunes Made civil services: like tax collectors, postal service, and grain supply; Brought provinces under control and kept the army strong Rebuilt and beautified Rome: Made the city nicer and better Emperors Rule Rome

Emperors Rule Rome The Roman Peace A Strong Government KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death? The Roman Peace Augustus brought many years of peace to Rome called “Pax Romana (Roman Peace) that lasted for 200 years A Strong Government Pax Romana continued after Augustus died in A.D. 14 Romans built empire to Mesopotamia, Spain, North Africa, and Britain Emperors Rule Rome

Emperors Rule Rome The economy’s growth made it hard for rich and poor KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death? Agriculture What was the most economic activity in the empire? Agriculture, through trade and local grow Trade What continents did Rome do most trade with? Europe, Africa, and Asia Currency How did currency make trading easy? Traders could buy and sell items without changing money to another kind of currency The economy’s growth made it hard for rich and poor Emperors Rule Rome

Announcement~ Section 9.2 Quiz on Thursday, 9/3 Open notes Bring your reading!~ Announcement~

Announcement~ Section 9.2 Quiz on Wednesday, 9/2 Open notes Bring your reading!~ Announcement~

Key Questions and Quiz Topics What led to conflict in Rome? Who fought the war? When did the war end? What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments? How did Caesar become dictator What were Caesar’s reforms? Caesar’s assassination What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death? Augustus’ reforms Key Questions and Quiz Topics