LECTURE 8: “TEXT”

I M A G E a visual representation of something T E X T a written representation of something

Joseph Kosuth, One and three chairs, 1965

James Montgomery Flagg, “US Army Recruitment Poster,” 1917

Ihap Hulusi, Eroin ve akibeti, ca. 1940

“illuminated manuscripts,” from the 13th century

Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs on the Obelisk of Tuthmosis III, Istanbul, TURKEY

Japanese “Kanji” writing

“Square Kufic” Arabic script

“Zeynel Bey Mausoleum,” Allah Muhammad Ali “Zeynel Bey Mausoleum,” Hasankeyf, TURKEY, 1473

Bülent Erkmen, “Frankfurt Book Fair Logo,” 2008

calligraphy (from Greek: “kallos” beauty + “graphẽ” writing)

MACKIE, NEW YORK SUBWAY GRAFFITI, 1978 (+ Fresk, Izmir 2014)

Guillaume Apollinaire, “Il Pleut” (“It’s Raining”), 1918 It’s raining women’s voices as if they had died even in memory And it’s raining you as well marvelous encounters of my life O little drops Those rearing clouds begin to neigh a whole universe of auricular cities Listen if it rains while regret and disdain weep to an ancient music Listen to the bonds fall off which hold you above and below Guillaume Apollinaire, “Il Pleut” (“It’s Raining”), 1918

American Institute of Graphic Arts, “Passenger/Pedestrian Oriented Symbols,” 1972

Otl Aicher, “Pictograms for the Munich Olympics,” 1972

Roy Lichtenstein, WHAAM, 1963

Barbara Kruger, Untitled artworks, 1980s

Jenny Holzer, “Guggenheim Installation,” 1990

Jenny Holzer, “For the Guggenheim,” 2008

Ayşe Erkmen, Am Haus, Berlin 1994 https://amidstinterpretation.wordpress.com/2012/04/04/am-haus/ Ayşe Erkmen, Am Haus, Berlin 1994

Robert Venturi and Denise Scott-Briown, “Lehigh Valley Hospital,” Pennsylvania, USA, 2005

KOÇTAŞ Group, Exterior and Interior Signage, 2008

Chevrolet Motor Company, “Bel Air,” 1956

Palette Industries, “Dharma Chair,” 2008 (The chair writes: STAND, FORGET, BREATHE, KNOWLEDGE, OBSERVE)

Little Factory Design Group, “Letter Scarves,” 2008