Behavioral Ecology

Animal Communication How: sight, __________, pheromones, _________, language (facial expressions, sounds, dance) Why: __________(mating), food, _________

HONEYBEES!!!! Form a __________– live together in an organized way with a ___________of labor Queen: ________, only one; produces _______for new members Drones: ________, only job is to __________eggs Nurse: _________, secrete food for larvae and queen House: _________, transfer food to ____________hive Soldiers: _________, protect hive Worker: _______, go out and get ______

HOW DO THEY COMMUNICATE?!?!?! HONEYBEES!!!! HOW DO THEY COMMUNICATE?!?!?!

HONEYBEES!!!! _________Dance – food source is within ______of the hive ______________bee changes ___________indicates quantity of food

HONEYBEES!!!! _________Dance – food source is _______than 50m from the hive Direction of _________run indicates the _____________of the food Longer a bee takes to ____________straight run and the more she ___________, the farther the food

HONEYBEES!!!!

Behavior results from… _________and external ________. Circadian Rhythm Migration Hibernation Estivation

Circadian Rhythm 24 hour day/night ________ Similar to your _________clock!

Migration _____________, seasonal _____________ *often ____________on by change in day length

Hibernation ______________energy in scarce winter months *Ex: bears, wasps, birds, ______________

Estivation Reduces _____________of animals living in intense _______, times of ____________or ________of food

Plant Behaviors We call these “______________:” Phototropism – response to _________, stems grow _______light, roots away from it Gravitropism/Geotropism – response to ________, stems grow ______from gravity, roots towards it Thigmotropism – response to ______

**_______________is a combo of both** Animal Behavior *BEHAVIOR IS ANYTHING AN ANIMAL DOES IN _______________TO A _____________* 2 categories Innate – ______________, in genes, cannot be changed Learned – shaped by ___________; allow animal to ___________behavior for ____________ **_______________is a combo of both** (“mother” of birds)

Innate Behavior Automatic Responses 1. ___________– simple, ____________ 2. “Fight or Flight” response – ___________by hormones in _________system, body prepares itself for __________ Instincts 1. More ____________pattern than AR 2. Ex: suckling, crying

Learning Behavior – shaped by experience ____________– decrease in response to ___________that neither ________nor rewards ___________Conditioning – animal makes a connection between a __________and some kind of good or bad ___________*Pavlov’s dogs* ___________Conditioning – trial and _______learning  animal _________in a certain way to receive a reward or ______a punishment __________Learning – an animal _________a past situation to a new one, ____trial and error, common only in __________and __________