Albizia julibrissin (mimosa tree) Non-Native Legume family pink powder puff flowers alternate leaves twice-pinnately compound leaves invades disturbed habitat

Aralia spinosa 2 or 3 times pinnately compound leaves One of largest leaves in Alabama Has prickles all over Small tree (to about 30 ft)

Arundinaria gigantea (Cane) Member of the grass family (Poaceae) Parallel venation

Carya spp. (Hickory) Large and fat winter buds Stout twig: alternate, pinnately compound leaves

Cornus florida (Flowering dogwood) “Flower” is inflorescence (cluster flowers) with 4 large white bracts Opposite leaves Leaf veins come out and trail along leaf margin: vascular tissue “threads” when leaf is broken Alligator bark

Elaeagnus spp. (Russian olive) Leaves dark green on adaxial surface, silvery with red spots on abaxial surface Thorns: short and stalky at base with a pointy tip Fruits eaten and dispersed by birds

Fagus grandifolia (beech) Smooth white bark Long, sharp needle-like winter buds Leaves remain attached even when dry Has teeth along margins Alternate, 2 ranked leaves (coming off each side: makes the branches flat-looking)

Hedera helix (english ivy) major invasive in the NW US Adventitious roots for climbing Leaves are 5-pointed White veins

Hexastylis arifolia (wild ginger) Leaves have a spicy smell “Ear-lobed” leaves Have jug shaped flowers at the base

Ilex opaca (American holly) Spines on margin of leaves Orange berries in winter Alternate evergreen leaves

Juniperus virginiana (eastern redcedar) Gymnosperm (no flowers) Covered with scale shaped leaves on the stem Called red cedar because the heartwood is red Smells like cedar Repels insects Dioecious - (males have yellow cones and females have blue cones) Juniperus cones used to make gin

Ligustrum sp. (privet) non-native Large leaves- Japanese and small leaved -Chinese Evergreen Opposite leaves One of the top 10 invasive species in Alabama

Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) Simple alternate leaves 5 palmate-lobed leaves Winter buds have shiny, yellow bud-scales Corky wings on branches Make “gumballs” (fruits)

Liriodendron tulipifera (tuliptree) Circular stipule scar Deciduous Winter buds at the tip of stem are flattened Leaves have truncate tip Fruits are like little helicopters

Lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) non-native. Viny with no tendrils Usually simple leaves Have nectar filled flowers Have dark berries that are usually consumed by birds and dispersed Deer food Widespread invasive

Magnolia grandiflora (southern magnolia) Circular stipule scars Large white flowers Reddish-rusty under the leaves Evergreen

Magnolia virginiana (sweetbay magnolia) Circular stipule scars Evergreen Whitish on the underside of leaves Sweet smell when crushed Usually found in wet spots

Melia azedarach (chinaberry) non-native Compound leaves Cluster of fruits (waxy large white) invasive

Mitchella repens (patridge berry) Opposite leaves (evergreen) Prostrate plant Rooting at the nodes Like undisturbed understory Has a bright red berry

Morella cerifera (Bayberry) Spicy scent when crushed (essential oils) Golden glands found on the underside of leaves hold the oils Evergreen Has nitrogen fixing bacteria in its roots (it is not a legume)

Nandina domestica Non-native 2-3 times pinnately compound Its wood is yellow inside

Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) Needles in 3’s, 6-9 inches long Potato shaped cone Very economically important

Prunus serotina (black cherry) Smooth bark with silvery patches Simple alternate leaves Has hairs on the base of the petiole where it meets the stalk Has lenticels that allow for gaseous exchange Defoliated by eastern tent caterpillars Has cyanide used by caterpillars for defense When caterpillars are threatened, they spit out cyanide juice

Prunus caroliniana (Carolina laurel cherry) Serrate leaves Evergreen

Clustered winter buds at the tips of twigs Star shaped pith Quercus sp. (oak) Clustered winter buds at the tips of twigs Star shaped pith Alternate simple leaves

Rubus sp. (briar, blackberry) Has prickles that are curved Has palmately compound leaves Leaves are alternate Evergreen

Smilax sp. Has tendrils –used to climb Has prickles Evergreen Young stems are green and taste like asparagus

Tipularia discolor (cranefly orchid) Parallel veins Mottled green top of leaf Bright purple underneath the leaf

Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grape) Winter deciduous Round, toothed leaves Make muscadines Has adventitious roots Uses tendrils to climb on other trees