The roles of Translation in language policy Anthony Pym

Where I speak from “Extra-ordinary Professor” at the Department of Afrikaans and Dutch President of the European Society for Translation Studies

Where I speak from Teaching in the Basque Country in 1979-1980 Working now in a Catalan-speaking university

Where I speak from The EU project Mobility and Inclusion in Multilingual Europe (MIME) In charge of the sub-project on “Mediation” Public-service interpreting and translation Lingua francas Intercomprehension Translation technologies

Grin’s trade-off model

What the model includes Degrees of inclusion Degrees of mobility Social and economic costs

What the model omits Language rights Time The affective values of languages Sustainability When and why policy is not needed

Language rights There are none.

Equal languages There are none.

Pure languages There are none. We all work with sets of semiotic resources. There are no “all-purpose” languages.

time

time

time

Affective values Brigitta Busch (UWC): Language biographies for multilingual learning (2006) The value of a language is performed, time and again.

Creating affective value .

sustainability Means are as important as ends. (Sustainability) Mobility is a value: Motorways (ends) Public bicycles (means) (Energy in systems)

Languages like grasses? Co-authors of our laws? Hence public education And the building of a multilingual paradise on earth.

And translation? Short-term High-risk (high-value) In combination with language learning