The Reasoning Process Inductive Reasoning

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Presentation transcript:

The Reasoning Process Inductive Reasoning Madhuri Paravastu

Reasoning Process Claims requires logic. How speaker explains how the evidence used supports the claim made. Sometimes obvious, that it is not stated. Logic comes from own beliefs.

5 Types of Reasoning Inductive Deductive Sign Casual Analogy

INDUCTIVE REASONING

Inductive Reasoning Draws conclusions by… Examining specific instances or examples. Developing either a general rule or a specific rule.

Example from text Suppose you argue that there should be mandatory seat belt law for Illinois. You support your argument with data from 5 other states with mandatory seat belt laws. The data shows a decline in the number of accidents resulting in injury.

Inductive Reasoning is most useful when you want to develop a claim that predict future events based on past occurrences.

Example 1 People who visit Seattle for short periods often find that it rains every day of the visit. They could induce (or infer, or draw the conclusion) that it rains every day in Seattle - but this wouldn't be true.

Inductive Reasoning

Example 2 A store owner observes over his many years of selling tourist items that he sells a lot of things in the summer months, so he concludes that tourist season is in the summer.

3 Questions When is inductive reasoning most useful? What are the two ways to draw conclusions using inductive reasoning? True or False? Inductive reasoning is logical thinking that operates from specific cases to general principles.