Cells SPI 0507.1.1 & SPI 0507.1.2 WOOF! WOOF! My name is Tiny, and I am the dog of the scientist Robert Hooke. Who is Hooke? He's the man who is credited with naming the smallest unit that can contain life. He called it a cell. He had long been working with microscopes attempting to improve them. In 1665, he used his microscope on cork, and he observed that there were little boxes or rooms, like cells, all over. From that point on, the rest is history! Listen as your teacher walks you through an actual cell.

I can identify the parts of a plant cell. I can identify the parts of an animal cell. I can COMPARE & CONTRAST the basic structures and functions of plant and animal cells.

VOCABULARY Every Friday, you will have a quiz over your words. Organism Unicellular Multicellular Chlorophyll Cell Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell Wall Every Friday, you will have a quiz over your words. Study these words each night.

What are Cells? An organism is a living thing. All organisms are made of cells. Cells are the smallest unit of living things that can carry out the basic processes of life. Cells divide or split to multiply. A unicellular organism is made of a single cell. A multicellular organism is made of more than one cell. Cells work together to take care of different functions for the organisms. Inside cells, you can find smaller organelles that help them perform life processes.

Think About It What are the similarities and differences found in these unicellular and multicelluar organisms? Explain why there are more multicellular organisms than unicellular organisms?

ANIMAL CELL

What is Inside an Animal Cell? The cell membrane surrounds the outside of a cell (similar to our skin). *It gives the cell its shape. *It controls what materials move into and out of the cell. The cytoplasm is the gel-like liquid that fills the cell membrane. It is made mostly of water. It contains other organelles. The nucleus is the cell’s control center, and it is usually found in the center of the cell. It has a membrane, like the cell, with pores that allow materials to pass in and out. It also sends signals to all the other parts of the cell.

What is Inside an Animal Cell? The mitochondria are oval organelles that supply energy for the cell (mighty...chondria). They break down food to supply energy to the cell. The vacuole is used as storage for water, food, and wastes. Some animal cells have many vacuoles, some may have no vacuoles.

Think About It Explain what might happen to one of our cells if the cell membrane were to be destroyed. Based on what you know about the nucleus, do you think that a cell could function without the nucleus?

Plant Cell

What is Inside of a Plant Cell? Plant cells are very similar to animal cells. However, plant cells are often in a box-like shape and are larger than animal cells. The cell wall is the tough outer covering around the outside of a cell that provides strength and extra support. Vacuole in plants store excess water. Plant cells usually have one large vacuole. Chloroplasts are organelles in which plants make their own food. They use energy from sun to produce food. Chlorophyll is the chemical that causes chloroplasts to be green.

Think About It When observing a plant, where would most of the chloroplasts be found? Support your answer! Why do you think that plant cells must have a large vacuole for excess water? Support your claim with your knowledge of plants.

Group Project Plant Cell: You and your group will draw and cut out a plant cell from the white paper. Then, you will use construction paper to make the organelles. Each of the organelles will need to be 3-D. Under one of each organelle, you must label & describe the function. Organelles to include: nucleus, chloroplast (2), mitochondria (3), vacuole, cell wall (labeled with function), cell membrane (labeled with function), & cytoplasm (labeled with function). Animal Cell: You and your group will draw and cut out an animal cell from the pink paper. Follow the same instructions that are on the left. Organelles to include: nucleus, mitochondria (3), vacuole (3), cell membrane (labeled with function), & cytoplasm (labeled with function).

How are Cells Organized? Tissues are a group of similar cells working together at the same job or function. Organ are a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. Examples: heart, liver, brain, and skin Organ systems are a group of organs that work together to perform a certain function. Examples: circulatory system, digestive system, nervous system **All of the cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems form an organism.

Think About It Yellow/Green Partners Describe the organization of cells inside your body. 2.) Formulate a mnemonic device to help you remember the organization of cells.