Pharmacy workplace Coming soon??---pharmacy assistant. Fits between pharm tech and pharmacist 2/3 ph tech in retail CPhT----certified pharmacy technician RPh----registered pharmacist Pharm D----Doctorate of pharmacy(1992) Hospital---compounding,specialize Manufacturing---research and development Nuclear---prepare radioactive substance Nutritional----supplements for malnourished or special diet Disease management-----diabetes.hypertension,asthma,ect for pharmacy/doctor partnership Mail order-------fill rx mail delivery Insurance-------work as auditor for 3rd party company

Regulated profession The practice of pharmacy is more than just counting out the right amount of a drug for a prescription. The Texas Pharmacy Act governs the practice of pharmacy and defines it as: providing an act or service necessary to provide pharmaceutical care; interpreting or evaluating a prescription drug order or medication order; participating in drug or device selection as authorized by law, and participating in drug administration, drug regimen review, or drug or drug-related research; providing patient counseling; being responsible for:dispensing a prescription drug order or distributing a medication order; compounding or labeling a drug and device other than by a manufacturer, repackager, or distributor of a nonprescription drug or commercially packaged prescription properly and safely storing a drug or device or maintaining proper records for a drug or device; performing for a patient a specific act of drug therapy management delegated to a pharmacist by a written protocol from a physician licensed in this state in compliance with Subtitle B; or administering an immunization or vaccination under a physician's written protocol.

pharm techs-------work in pharmacy tasks that don’t need professional judgment of pharmacist. work under supervision of DPharm do not break pharm laws out go out your scope of Practice=eval drug interaction, determine ther equiv, drug utilization review, drug safety, advising/counseling, administer vaccines. more meds needed due to baby boomers and DPharm are more patient centered malpractice insurance----not required but CPhT can buy it. CPHT liability varies by state. negligence=action taken without forethought that another person with same credentials would have considered. tort= act causing injury ethics---values of the profession morals--your personal beliefs pg 56 cpht code of ethics

Texas Administrative code(pharmacy) Information on requirements, fines, continuing education, ethics,ect for pharmacists/pharm techs. Texas CSA(controlled substances act)—states may have different definition of controlled substance or put a drug in a different schedule Conflict of laws?---tougher law prevails

Medicare/medicaid CMS---centers for medicare and medicaid services Government entity covers 100 million. Provides coverage to those qualified. ACA---affordable care act US spends 2.5 trillion/year on health care---source CMS

Drug Sources

Drug Names Brand name Name under which the drug is sold by a specific manufacturer Spelling always begins with a capital letter Also known as the Trade Name Name is owned by the drug company and no other company may use that name Each brand name carries a registered trademark symbol ®

Drug Names Generic name Name that was established when drug was first manufactured Written in lowercase letters Official name of a drug Each drug has only one generic name Original manufacturer is only company that can use generic name for the first 17 years

Drug Names Chemical name Describes chemical structure of the drug Formula that indicates composition of the drug

Drug Actions – Drug Interactions Idiosyncracy An unusual, inappropriate response to a drug or to the usual effective dose of a drug Anaphylactic Shock = severe idiosyncratic reaction Acute respiratory distress, hypotension, edema, tachycardia, cool pale skin, cyanosis, and possible convulsions shortly after administration of the medication

Drug Actions – Drug Interactions Cumulation Occurs when a drug is not completely excreted from the body before another dose is given Drug starts to accumulate in the body tissues when repeated doses are given Toxic effects may occur

Drug Actions – Drug Interactions Local effect Response to a medication that is confined to a specific part of the body Systemic effect Generalized or widespread response to a drug by the body because it is absorbed into the bloodstream

Drug Actions – Drug Interactions Adverse reaction One in which the body reacts to a drug in an unexpected way that may endanger a patient’s health and safety Contraindication Any special symptom or circumstance that indicates that the use of a particular drug or procedure is dangerous, not advised, or has not been proven safe for administration

Drug Actions – Drug Interactions Desired effect Effect of drug in the body that was intended Side effect Additional effect on the body by the drug that was not part of the goal for that medication Not usually severe enough to warrant discontinuing the medication

Drug Actions – Drug Interactions How drugs produce changes within the body Drug effect Changes that take place in the body as a result of drug action Slowing down or speeding up processes Destroying certain cells or parts of cells Replacing substances that the body lacks or fails to produce

Pharmacy tech report--------------------------   1 What does the FDA do? 2 What does the DEA do? 3 What does the BOP(board of pharmacy) do for your state? 4 What is the ‘Joint commission’ JCAHO? 5 Describe the DEA schedule drugs and levels and give some names. 6 What are laws regarding refilling DEA sch II, III and IV prescription drugs? 7 What is the USP? What can you find in a ‘PDR book’? 8 Find a drug and supplement that were taken off the market and why? 9 What health professionals have prescriptive authority? 10 What is the usual job description of a CPhT in a retail setting and hospital ’institutional’ setting?