ACTIVE REVISION LESSONS Poetry and Life and Death VOLUME 1 - LESSON 3 B Poetry and Life and Death

Complete the sentences on poetry visual sound Poems are compositions in which both ……………………. and …………………. aspects as well as language are important. Very often the words of a poem are organised into separate ……………………….. whose length is decided by the poet and not by the printer. lines

Complete the sentences on layout in poetry appears on the page The form or layout of a poem refers to how it ……………………………............................................. . Lines are often organised into groups referred to as…………………………........ . There is often a close relationship between the stanzas and the ………………………. of a poem. Stanzas have different names according to their length, for example …………………........ (2 lines), ……………........ (3 lines), ………………............… (4 lines), …………………........... ............................................... (5 lines), ………………….. (6 lines), …………......…… (7 lines), ……………………. (8 lines). The term ‘……………...........................................………..’ is used to describe a grouping of lines into a kind of paragraph, often with no rhyme. stanzas content couplet tercet quatrain quintet or quintain sestet septet octave verse paragraph

Complete the sentences on layout in poetry aligned Poems can be …………..............…… (form a straight line) along the left-hand side or make use of ………………..............……………… to underline changes in content or rhyme. Traditionally the first word of each line begins with a ………………….......... letter. Lines are referred to as …………………..................………. if the line end coincides with a clear pause created by the end of a sense unit, grammar and punctuation. If the line flows into the next with no pause, it is referred to as a ………………………..............…. . indentation capital end-stopped run-on line

Complete the sentences on figures of speech The most common figures of speech are …...........……...........…….. (when something with similar characteristics is used to describe the original), …….....………... (when something with similar characteristics is compared to the original, using ‘as’ or ‘like’), ……………......................….… (when a part of something is used to refer to the whole thing). metaphor simile synecdoche

Complete the sentences on figures of speech irony ………...……... (when the words express the contrary of what is really meant), ………...........….....….. (a statement which seems to be contradictory but which is shown to be true), ……….......................…….. (an exaggeration for effect, not to be taken literally), …………............….. (omission of a word), ………..........................................…….. (an expression which appeals to more than one sense) ………..........................................…….... (when an inanimate object is given animate characteristics). paradox hyperbole ellipsis syn(a)esthesia personification

Complete the sentences on rhyme sound(s) Words rhyme when they have the same last …………………………………. . ……………………………………………..…………...….. occurs when the final stressed vowel sounds, and any other sounds which follow that vowel sound, are the same. ……………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..………… occurs when not all the final sounds are the same. If rhyme occurs between the last words in the lines of poetry it is called ………………………………..… .   Perfect or full rhyme Imperfect (or near-rhyme or half-rhyme) end-rhyme

Complete the sentences on rhyme schemes When a rhyme scheme is maintained and links the stanzas of a poem it is called …………………………………..…. . If a poem has no regular rhyme scheme it is in ……………………………… . Rhyme can also take place within a line or across closely placed lines. This kind of rhyme is called ……………………………………………. and it sometimes replaces or complements end-rhyme.   chain rhyme free verse internal rhyme

Complete the sentences on repetition of sounds alliteration Three important repetitions of sounds are ……………………………………………. (the close repetition of consonant sounds in an initial position), …………………………………. (the close repetition of consonant sounds) and …………………………………… (the close repetition of vowel sounds).   consonance assonance

Which words are missing from this short analysis of the poem Dreams by Langston Hughes? quatrains This is a short poem in two ………………….………….. . Each contains an important ………………………..…… through which the speaker compares a life without ………………………… to an …………………….…………….. and a ……………………….…………... . Although the poem is short, it is rich in …………………………. and meaning – the word ‘barren’ for example conjures up both ideas of …………………………….… but also of a life without …………………………………………… …………………………………………………… .   metaphor dreams injured bird barren field images infertility imagination and aspirations

Say one or two sentences regarding each aspect listed below for the poem Life Doesn’t Frighten Me At All This poem is by Maya Angleou and its tone is powerful and empowering She lists the dark, ghosts and shadows, dogs and monsters The language of the poem suits its speaker and subject matter – it is simple, dynamic and at times onomatopoeic. The stress pattern, metre and stanza length vary to quicken and slow down the pace of the poem at different moments.