PIANC SMART RIVERS 2017, Pittsburgh LNG, as new fuel for inland waterway transport (IWT) Unmet expectations and lessons learned PIANC SMART RIVERS 2017, Pittsburgh Benjamin BOYER Technical Administrator

The Rhine as backbone of inland navigation in Europe Regulatory framework for LNG deployment – achievements, Lessons learned The Rhine as backbone of inland navigation in Europe Multinational Hinterland of major European ports >50% international freight in corridor 2/3 of cargo carried by inland waterways in Europe 330 million tons/year 2 million TEU/year 10 000 000 tons fleet

Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine (ccnr) Regulatory framework for LNG deployment – achievements, Lessons learned Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine (ccnr) Intergovernmental organisation, oldest in the world 5 Member States Missions: Guaranteeing freedom of navigation and Promoting navigation on the Rhine Leading regulator for inland navigation, with strong expertise in safety regulations (regulations binding for member states, model for EU and beyond) Intensive cooperation with shipping industry, European Union, other countries, …

Starting point Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) = form of natural gas, predominantly methane LNG promoted as environmentally friendly fuel Expectations => Support innovation, sustainable development and competitiveness of inland waterways transport => Fuel as well as Cargo Political objectives => breaking the oil dependence + target of 60% greenhouse gas emissions reduction by 2050 (EU Transport strategy 2011) => decarbonise transport + deployment of alternative fuels (in particular infrastructure) => simultaneous policies for reduction of local pollutants (PM, NOx) Dynamic cooperation platforms => pilot projects Strong support by largest gas companies

Maritime context ?

=> Maritime sector needs LNG to be clean (NOx and SOx)

=> More air pollutants to consider

LNG only just enough to comply to Stage V (in particular NOx, PM, PN)

Focus: Sulfur emissions Maritime (IMO) Inland navigation (CCNR/EU)

Different environmental baselines Maritime (IMO) Inland navigation (CCNR/EU) SOx reduction is not an issue for inland navigation. Ultra low sulfur fuel is mandatory (EN 590) Different environmental baselines

Focus: Specific provisions for gas engines in EU Stage V Hydrocarbon (HC) = 0,19 + 1,5 x A x gas energy ratio (GER) Methane slip taken into account. Additional step to regulate greenhouse gases => reinforce the difference between inland navigation and maritime sector. Factor A fixed as 6,00 for inland navigation engines. Research and development required. 2016: some dual fuel engines (diesel/LNG) can only achieve the value of 10,0 In the regulatory process, some experts suggested 3,0 as value (to be neutral in comparison of diesel). EU foresees evaluation of the value before 2020.

Lessons learned Take into account specificities => in-depth knowledge of the environment with pool of experts => need of awareness of differences between inland navigation and maritime sector Do not overestimate benefits / do not underestimate costs of new technologies Pilot projects => public funding requires facts reporting (avoid wishful thinking) => need of reliable emissions data

Various dimensions of LNG as regular fuel for IWT in Europe Maturity of technology Strong push from gas suppliers Various dimensions of LNG as regular fuel for IWT in Europe Economic effects (cost savings) Avaibility of the infrastructure Continuity of operation of the vessel Legislations and standards Environmental effects

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Benjamin Boyer Administrator Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine (CCNR) Palais du Rhin - 2, place de la République 67082 Strasbourg Cedex - France www.ccr-zkr.org www.cesni.eu THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION