War in the Pacific.

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Presentation transcript:

War in the Pacific

Pearl Harbor Japan was mad at US for interfering with expansion Dec 7, 1941—Japan bombed Pearl Harbor (Hawaii); US declared war on Japan Wanted to take out US navy so could freely conquer Dutch East Indies 19 ships, 188 planes, 2,400 killed;

Pearl Harbor Used planes to destroy 18 battleships & kill 2,403 sailors in 2 hours Pearl Harbor was not only US naval base attacked—Japan also bombed US navy in Manila, Bataan, Corregidor, Wake Island, & Guam on its way to taking huge empire in Pacific Ocean by June 1942 Wanted “Asia for Asians” & hoped to stretch empire from Japan to Australia

War in the Pacific Japanese Empire, 1942

War in the Pacific USA Pacific forces led by Douglas MacArthur & Chester Nimitz fought to defeat Japan; needed to conquer Japanese-controlled islands to get to Japan May 1942—Battle of Midway—1st successful US defeat of Japanese navy

War in the Pacific US & Australian troops fought to defeat Japan; Japanese refused to surrender & fought to the last man; made fighting for islands difficult August 1942—Guadalcanal— 6-month land, air, sea battle; Japanese kamikaze (suicide) pilots bombed US ships & bases

War in the Pacific Japanese Empire, 1942

War in the Pacific Allies could never take all Japanese-controlled islands (too costly), so US began island-hopping strategy—capture some islands, skip others; hoped to cut off Japanese supply lines & “starve” other Japanese-controlled islands

War in the Pacific By 1945, US won Iwo Jima & Okinawa in the worst fighting of Pacific War— US suffered most marine casualties in these 2 island invasions Needed these islands as bases to use for invasion of Japan

War in the Pacific Japanese Empire, 1942

V-J Despite heavy losses, Japan refused to surrender to Allies; continued to fight to last man & used suicide missions to kill as many Allies as possible US faced with decision: invade Japan OR use new weapon—atomic bomb Atomic Bomb secretly developed in New Mexico desert during Manhattan Project

V-J August 6,1945—new US President Harry Truman ordered drop of atomic bomb on Hiroshima; Japan issued no response; 2nd atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki 3 days later Atomic Bomb Video

Hiroshima

Nagasaki

V-J August 14, 1945-Japan surrendered—Victory in Japan World War 2 was over

Achieving Victory in Pacific Open video