Natural Resources Conservation and Management Past, Present, and Future Lecture #2 MS LC Fort High School

Conservation in the 20th Century Four Waves of Conservation The First Wave (1901-1909) The Second Wave (1933-1941) The Third Wave (1960-1980) The Fourth Wave (1980-present)

Let’s look at what he did! The First Wave (1901-1909) Teddy Roosevelt got involved and used his power to establish governance over our natural resources. Let’s look at what he did!

John Muir and Teddy John and Ted hung out and camped John taught Ted to see the woods as having beauty and a value just because, not just as a resource. As you may know, Ted was a big game hunter, and didn’t really GET the tree hugger mentality.

Gifford Pinchot Introduced scientific principles to forest management First Head Chief of the newly formed US Forest Service! Governor of PA for a while too! Teddy’s head advisor Introduced scientific principles to forest management Favored conservation and future growth Use the resources wisely to provide a steady supply to the people Crucial advisor to Teddy in creating public policy

Teddy Roosevelt created the White House Conference on Natural Resources (1908) WHY did he do this? Deep concern among scientists about timber depletion in the great lakes states Gross mismanagement of the US natural resources Worried about economic hardship Hunters, anglers, scientists, resource experts met and talked! WOW!

Domino Effect 41 state conservation departments were formed at this time and most art still operating today!

The Second Wave (1933-1941) Roosevelt was on a roll! The right man In the right place At the right time!

Roosevelt’s programs: Prairie State Forestry Project 1934 The Civilian Conservation Corps 1933 Soil Conservation Service 1935 Tennessee Valley Authority 1933 North American Wildlife and Resources Conference 1936

The Civilian Conservation Corps 1933 Functioned from 1933-1949 2652 camps, 200 men each Located in national parks and forests Two groups of men were established

CCC Forest workers Constructed fire lanes removed fire hazards fought fires controlled pests and planted trees

Soil Conservation Service 1935 Severe dust storms prompted it’s formation (Dust Bowl 1920s-1930s) Showed farmers better techniques Improved erosion control Now known as the Natural Resource Conservation Service http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/

Tennessee Valley Authority 1933 Bold experiment Tried to integrate the management of an entire river basin (soil, forests, wildlife) Has been a model here and worldwide

North American Wildlife and Resources Conference 1936 Began by Teddy Roosevelt Attended by wildlife management specialists, hunters, anglers, government officials The conference was formed to to develop an inventory of the nations resources Create statements about environmental problems Develop solutions to those problems Link to the Conference: http://www.wildlifemanagementinstitute.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21&Itemid=53

The Third Wave (1960-1980) Conservation movement took off Environmental movement found it’s feet Books and essays spurred action Earth Day was born! Congress responded to citizens with laws EPA was established

Influential Books/Essays from the 60’s Paul Rachel Garret Erhlich Carson Hardin

Earth Day April 22 Gaylord Nelson (from WI!) founded this great teach in day in 1970 to halt the accelerated pollution and destruction of the environment.

Decade of the Environment 1970-1980 Congress in response to many upset citizens (fear and power people, don’t’ forget it!) Made many new laws to protect our resources!

Air Quality Laws Clear Air Act 1970 Clear Air Act 1977 Setting standards for air pollution Hoping to improve quality of life for citizens

Control of Noise Laws Noise control Act of 1972 Quiet Communities Act of 1978 Improve quality of life for people by reducing stress of listening to industrial noises in residential areas

Control of Toxic Substances Solid Waste Disposal Act 1976 Resources Conservation and Recovery Act 1976 Protecting human health and the environment from the potential hazards of waste disposal. Conserving energy and natural resources. Reducing the amount of waste generated. Ensuring that wastes are managed in an environmentally-sound manner.

Energy Laws National Energy Act of 1978 (1973 energy crisis) Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act Energy Tax Act National Energy Conservation Policy Act Power Plant and Industrial Fuel Use Act Natural Gas Policy Act

Land Use Laws National Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 Forest Reserves Management Act of 1974, 1976 Federal Land Policy Management Act of 1976 National Forest Management Act of 1976 Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 Endangered American Wilderness Act of 1978

Land Use Laws

Land Use Laws

Land Use Laws

Water Quality Laws Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 Ocean Dumping Act of 1972 Safe Drinking Water Act of 1972 Clean Water Act of 1977

Wildlife Laws Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Control Act of 1972 Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 Endangered Species Act of 1973

The Fourth Wave (1980-present)