MASS PERCENT mass of solute div. by total mass expressed as a percent:

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MASS PERCENT mass of solute div. by total mass expressed as a percent: = mass of solute x 100 mass of soln = g solute x 100 (g solute + g solvent)

MASS PERCENT What is the mass percent of NaOH in a solution made by dissolving 8.00 g NaOH in 50.0 g H2O?

MASS PERCENT What masses of potassium chloride and water are needed to make 250. g of 5.00% solution?

CONCENTRATION IN PARTS PER MILLION (ppm) ppm = g solute x 1,000,000 g solution

CONCENTRATION IN PARTS PER MILLION (ppm) Calc. conc. of Ca in ppm in a 3.50 g pill that contains 40.5 mg of Ca.

PERCENT BY VOLUME (%v/v) percent by volume most often used for liquids and gases: volume of solute x 100 volume of soln

CONCENTRATION IN PARTS PER VOLUME The label on a 0.750-L wine bottle says “11.5% alcohol by volume.” How many liters of alcohol does the wine contain?

% BY VOLUME What is % by vol of ethanol (C2H6O) in the final solution when 75 mL of ethanol is diluted to 250 mL with water?

MOLE FRACTION (c) symbol used is c (chi) ratio of solute moles to total moles: c = moles of solute . mol of solute + mol of solvent

MOLE FRACTION A rubbing alcohol sample has 142 g of isopropanol, C3H7OH, and 58.0 g water. Calculate the mole fraction of each.