Government History Biography Literature Themes Animal Farm Government History Biography Literature Themes

Government Capitalism Socialism Communism Totalitarianism

History Karl Marx – 1847 Socialists – slow introduction of ideas The Manifesto of the Communist Party Socialists – slow introduction of ideas Communists – major worker revolt Bolshevik Party – Nikolai Lenin

History Russian Revolution - 1917 Russian Civil War – 1917-1923 Czar Nicholas II Russian Civil War – 1917-1923 Red Army – Bolsheviks Lenin, Trotski, Stalin White Army – anti-Bolsheviks Assisted by Western countries to try to overthrow Red Army Failed in Anti-Revolutionary invasion

History World War I 1924 Death of Lenin 1930’s Stalin purges 1918 Red Army signed peace treaty with Germany before end of war 1924 Death of Lenin Stalin and Trotsky 1930’s Stalin purges 5 year plans To show West how much more productive Communism was World War II German Soviet Pact – secret agreement with Hitler and Stalin Germany broke pact

Literature Satire -  a style of writing or art which ridicules or criticizes its subject (individuals, ideals, institutions or society in general) often as an attempt to bring about change. Often they are humorous and witty. (It attacks foolishness by making fun of it) Fable - A short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral. Allegory - A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

Biography George Orwell (1903-1950) Eric Arthur Blair, born in India Educated in England Indian Imperial Police 1922-1927 Journalist Wounded in Spanish Civil War

Biography Political Beliefs Democratic socialist Hated totalitarianism Included Communism Believed Stalin betrayed ideals of Communism Became strong anti-Communist

Biography Author Down and Out in Paris and London (1933) Burmese Days (1934) The Road to Wigan Pier (1937) Homage to Catalonia (1938) Animal Farm (1945) 1984 (1949)

Major Themes Power corrupts How do you think power might corrupt people? What might it make them do or think? Do you think immoral or dishonest people are more likely to seek and acquire power?

Major Themes People’s ignorance contributes to their political and social oppression What does it mean to be ignorant? What might cause people to be ignorant? What things might be done to help eliminate ignorance? In what ways can people be politically or socially oppressed?

Major Themes Revolutions may result in a change of political power, but often the lives of the majority of people stay about the same. Do you agree or disagree? How does a political system affect a person’s daily life?

Major Themes In society, individuals are not treated equally Do you agree or disagree? Give an example from history that proves that statement. Is it fair that people are treated unequally? What is the difference between “fair” and “equal”?