Post Test Study Guide Review Test will be Friday 12/1/16

Geography The study of the physical features of the Earth and its atmosphere

List the seven continents and four oceans List the seven continents and four oceans. Know where they are on a world map. Continents Oceans North America Arctic Ocean South America Pacific Ocean Europe Atlantic Ocean Asia Indian Ocean Africa Antarctica Australia

Know the four hemispheres and where they are located (How many Hemispheres is the Earth Broken into?) North South West East

List the 5 themes of geography Movement Regions Human Environment Interaction Location Place (remember Mr. Help)

Longitude/Prime Meridian- know what it means and its highest degree Lines that run up and down on a map. Prime Meridian is line that divides the earth into West and East hemispheres located at 0° longitude Highest degree shown is 180°

Latitude (flatitude)/Equator- know what it means and its highest degree Lines that run side to side on a map Equator is line that divides the earth into North and South hemispheres located at 0° latitude Highest degree is 90° Not on the test

Maps are considered to be_____? Maps are representations of the Earth.

Legend- what is it on a map? explains the symbols and colors on a map

What is a census? An official count of people in a certain place at a certain time

What’s the difference between urban and rural? Word refers to living in a city- urban Word refers to living in the country/farm- rural

Chapter 5

What were the Middle Ages? The years between ancient and modern times.

What is Feudalism? A system in which land was owned by kings or lords but held by vassals in return for their loyalty

Why did towns grow in the middle Ages Why did towns grow in the middle Ages? Why did kings support towns growing? Trade increased Kings began to support the new towns in exchange for money. Kings agreed to protect towns and made laws to help towns grow rich. With the money paid by townspeople, kings hired armies and used them to attack troublesome nobles.

Be able to explain the responsibilities of a lord, knight, and a serf during medieval times Lord- gave protection to vassals in exchange for loyalty Knight- would protect the king and his property Serf- worked the fields and did what they were told by the Lord of the fiefdom. (basically a slave). They paid taxes to the Lord

What are the Crusades? Why did the Crusades take place? (2 questions) A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the Holy Land back from Muslim control To open the Holy Lands to Christian believers or Pilgrims

Use the triangle to explain the power structure of feudalism during the Middle Ages (Not on the test) Church King Lords Knights Middle Class Serf

What does a Nation Share? A government (Not on the test)

Chapter 6

Renaissance The period of the rebirth of learning in Europe between 1300 and 1600

Michelangelo Is remembered for Painting the Sistine Chapel

Absolute Monarch A king or queen with complete authority over the people in a kingdom

Magellan Famous because he was 1st to circumnavigate the globe.

Circumnavigate To sail completely around something such as Earth

What did Louis XIV gain? Absolute power for himself by reducing the power of the nobles and the church

What was the reformation and what did Martin Luther and his beliefs have to do with it? The reformation was the effort to change or reform the Roman Catholic Church, which led to the establishment of Protestant churches. Luther believed faith in God was the key to getting into heaven.

What country explored Africa while finding a trade route to Asia? Portugal

What was the main goal of European exploration? To find a trade route to Asia

Why was Queen Elizabeth I of England popular? She often traveled through the countryside so people could see her. They called her Good Queen Bess!

Chapter 7

Reign of Terror The period of the French Revolution during which many people were executed for opposing the revolution

Age of Reason The period of the Enlightenment

Enlightenment A philosophical movement, primarily of the 1700’s, that was characterized by reason and experience

When did the French Revolution begin When did the French Revolution begin? What event started it that is still celebrated in France? Started on July 14, 1789 The storming of the Bastille

Why was Copernicus famous? Stated that the Earth revolved around the sun in 1543

John Locke said that government was based on an agreement between what two things? The ruler and the People