Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 enzymes 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

There are two types of cellular respiration: AERBIC , which requires oxygen ANAEROBIC, which occurs in the absence of oxygen

GLYCOLYSIS Glucose (C6H12O6) is broken down into a 6-carbon compound. This is done using 2 ATP molecules and enzymes. That 6-carbon compound is broken down into two 3-carbon compounds. This results in the production of 2 NADH molecules. The two 3-carbon compounds are converted into two Pyruvate molecules. 4 ATP molecules are also produced. So basically, 2 ATP break apart a sugar, re-arrange it, and the end result is 4 ATP and 2 NADH. We use 2 ATP to do all this, so in reality, we gain 2 ATP and 2 NADH overall.

GLYCOLYSIS VIDEO

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN H+ ions are pumped from the inner membrane to the outer membrane of the mitochondria Some of these H+ ions bond with oxygen to form water molecules At the end of the chain, ATP is produced

Anaerobic Respiration What do we do when there’s NO oxygen? At the end of the Krebs Cycle, we bond hydrogen to oxygen to create water. With that oxygen unavailable, we need to do something else with that hydrogen! We get it from NADH. Instead of binding it to oxygen, it sends it BACK to glycolysis. As long as we have glucose to break down, we can recycle the NADH to make more ATP!

FERMENTATION 2 Types: Lactic Acid Fermentation Pyruvate is converted to Lactate and used to continue to produce ATP as long as glucose exists in the body Is responsible for the “burning” feeling in muscles, and post-workout soreness if it is not removed from the muscles quickly enough by blood flow Alcoholic Fermentation Pyruvate is broken down into alcohol, releasing CO2 Remaining molecules used to create ATP This process is done by yeast, and we use it to bake bread and make alcoholic beverages

FULL CYCLE