CONSEQUENCES OF EUROPEAN EXPLORATION AND THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMERICAS Dr. Afxendiou Global History and Geography 9 Sachem North High School
Consequences of Encounter Spread of Christianity Roman Catholic church grows The encomienda system A system of forced labor imposed upon the Native Americans by the Spanish The natives farmed, ranched or mined for the Spanish landlords Often the natives were worked to death, especially in the mines
Consequences of Encounter New Social Structure The social pyramid
Consequences of Encounter New Social Structure The social pyramid PENINSULARES
Consequences of Encounter New Social Structure The social pyramid PENINSULARES CREOLES
Consequences of Encounter New Social Structure The social pyramid PENINSULARES CREOLES MESTIZOS AND MULATTOS
Consequences of Encounter New Social Structure The social pyramid PENINSULARES CREOLES MESTIZOS AND MULATTOS NATIVE AMERICANS AND AFRICAN SLAVES
THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
CAUSES OF THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE Long Term Causes The Scientific Revolution Europeans search for a sea route to Asia Immediate Causes Columbus and other Europeans arrive in the Americas Europeans bring new plants, animals and diseases to the Americas Europeans encounter new plants and animals in the Americas
EFFECTS OF THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE Immediate Effects Spanish defeat Aztec and Incan Empires Millions of Native Americans die from “European” diseases Enslaved Africans are sent to the Americas American foods, including corn and potatoes, are introduced into Europe Long Term Effects Spread of items such as horses, corn, potatoes, and sugar around the world Population growth in Europe, Africa and Asia Exchange of ideas, technology, arts, and language between Europe and the Americas Population migration from Europe to the Americas Growth of capitalism
The Triangular Trade
The Middle Passage - Slaves
THE MIDDLE PASSAGE 1450-1850 18th century 12 million Africans sent across Atlantic 10-11 million survive 18th century Height of trade 80 percent of total trade during this century Primarily young men for hard labor The continued high volume was necessary because of high slave mortality and low fertility
Slave Ship Interior Middle Passage –slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; a deadly and traumatic experience
“Coffin” Position: Onboard a Slave Ship
Mercantilism New economic policy by the nations of Europe A country’s power depended on its wealth so every European country set out to get as much wealth as possible Wealth increased with gold and silver Wealth increased with trade where a country exported (sold) more than it imported (bought) In this system, colonies were necessary