DESIGN OF SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS Register, shift registers, Universal shift register, Ring counters, Classification of sequential circuits: Moore and Mealy, Design of synchronous sequential circuits, state diagram, State table, State minimization, State assignment, Introduction to Hazards: Static, Dynamic. Presented by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT Prepared by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS Shift Register Register Unidirectional Registers that are capable of moving information upon the occurrence of a clock-signal Bidirectional Register Modes of Operation REGISTERS Register is a group of cascaded flip-flops suitable for storing binary information momentarily. Universal SISO SIPO PISO PIPO SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS Ring Counter A ring counter is a Shift Register (a cascade connection of flip-flops) with the output of the last flip flop connected to the input of the first. Classification Moore Mealy whose outputs depend on only the present state whose output depends on the present state as well as the present input. Prepared by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT
state diagram algebraic expression that specifies the condition for a flip-flop state transition The information available in a state table can be represented graphically in the form of a state diagram. In this type of diagram, a state is represented by a circle, and the transitions between states are indicated by directed lines connecting the circles. State table The time sequence of inputs, outputs, and flip-flop states can be enumerated in a state table (sometimes called transition table) State minimization
Prepared by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT
State Equation A(t+1) = A(t) x(t) + B(t) x(t) B(t+1) = A`(t) x(t) A state equation is an algebraic expression that specifies the condition for a flip-flop state transition. The left side of the equation with (t+1) denotes the next state of the flip-flop one clock edge later. The right side of the equation is Boolean expression that specifies the present state and input conditions that make the next state equal to 1. Y(t) = (A(t) + B(t)) x(t)` Prepared by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT
State Table The time sequence of inputs, outputs, and flip-flop states can be enumerated in a state table (sometimes called transition table). Prepared by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT
State Diagram 1/0 : means input =1 output=0 The information available in a state table can be represented graphically in the form of a state diagram. In this type of diagram, a state is represented by a circle, and the transitions between states are indicated by directed lines connecting the circles. 1/0 : means input =1 output=0 Prepared by: R.Yasodharan, AP/MCT
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