Reproduction

Sperm are made in the testes. Tail helps the sperm to swim so it can find the egg Very little cytoplasm so it can swim fast Special chemicals at the tip help the sperm to get into the egg

Eggs are made in the ovaries. Jelly coat means that only one sperm can get into the egg. Lots of cytoplasm so there is lots of food for the new baby.

When a sperm joins with an egg, this is how a new baby starts. It only takes one sperm to get into the egg to make a baby. When a sperm joins with an egg, this is how a new baby starts. It is called fertilization.

The baby grows inside the womb (the uterus). Pregnancy – this is when a baby grows inside a woman. The baby grows inside the womb (the uterus). It is protected by a bag of water, and gets food from the woman through the placenta.

How the baby grows

Fertilization

30 hours after fertilization

WEEK 3-5 The baby’s tiny heart begins to beat by day 21.  The arms, legs eyes, lips and nose begin to grow.

The organs start to grow inside the baby. The baby starts to move. WEEK 7 The organs start to grow inside the baby. The baby starts to move.

WEEK 8-12 The baby has hands and feet, and swims and moves inside the bag of water.

Weeks 13-20 The baby can swallow, and starts to try breathing. It can feel pain, and moves around a lot. It has eyebrows and eyelashes now.

The baby has hand and footprints. It practices breathing. Week 20-24 The baby has hand and footprints. It practices breathing.

The baby’s eyes open and close, and it sleeps 90% of the time. Weeks 25 – 32 The baby’s eyes open and close, and it sleeps 90% of the time.

Weeks 33 – 40 The baby is getting ready to be born. It turns upside down before it is born.

Newborn baby

Put the pictures in order for how long the animal is pregnant for. How long is a woman pregnant for?

fetus (baby) Placenta Cord Bag Water

Birth – after 9 months the baby is ready to be born. Strong muscles squeeze the baby out of the vagina. The first thing the baby does is cry – so it can start breathing!

So what does the new baby need?

How do people grow? 23

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Age (months) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 Weight (kg) 2.5 5 6.5 7.5 8.8 9.5 9.8 10 10.2 10.4 10.6 We are going to use this information to draw a bar chart showing how a baby’s weight changes as it grows. 25

Puberty Puberty is what happens to you as you become an adult. Some things are different in boys and girls, and some are the same. 26

Think about the changes that might happen in boys or girls, and draw them on the body outline in your booklet. Voice gets deeper Shoulders get wider BOYS Muscles get bigger Hair grows under arms Hair grows around the penis and testicles; penis gets bigger and testicles start to make sperm 27

Pubic hair grows; periods start (eggs start to be released) Think about the changes that might happen in boys or girls, and draw them on the body outline in your booklet. Breasts start to grow Hair grows under arms GIRLS Hips get wider Pubic hair grows; periods start (eggs start to be released) 28

Your emotions change too – you might be more angry or sad than usual. 29

Periods Only girls have periods. The proper name for periods is menstruation. http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/bodybasics_female_repro.html

Menstruation (period) Uterus lining gets even thicker Uterus gets ready for the egg Ovulation (egg is released)

FALSE TRUE True or false? Day 1 of the cycle is when bleeding begins A period can last for 2 weeks The cycle lasts about 28 days Girls can’t do anything when they have their period If a sperm doesn’t meet an egg, the cycle starts again A girl can’t get pregnant on her period

What does a woman do when she’s on her period? Women can use sanitary tampons or towels to soak up the blood. Which do you think is better?