Volume 11, Pages (September 2016)

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Presentation transcript:

Volume 11, Pages 43-57 (September 2016) Mechanisms, safety and efficacy of a B cell epitope-based vaccine for immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy Petra Zieglmayer, Margarete Focke-Tejkl, René Schmutz, Patrick Lemell, René Zieglmayer, Milena Weber, Renata Kiss, Katharina Blatt, Peter Valent, Frank Stolz, Hans Huber, Angela Neubauer, Anette Knoll, Friedrich Horak, Rainer Henning, Rudolf Valenta EBioMedicine Volume 11, Pages 43-57 (September 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022 Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Characterization of the recombinant fusion proteins in BM32. Shown are the three-dimensional structures of the four timothy grass pollen allergens Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5 and Phl p 6 (accession numbers for sequences in brackets) with the peptides (position, amino acid sequences) indicated in red which are part of the recombinant PreS fusion proteins BM321, BM322, BM325, BM326 EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Study enrolment, randomization (A) and study design (B). Patients screening, baseline SPT, blood sampling and baseline challenge chamber session (VCC) occurred in a period of 28 day before treatment was started. Then patients were randomized and received three subcutaneous injections in 3–4week intervals. Three–4weeks after the last injection SPT was performed, a blood sample was taken and patients underwent the second challenge chamber session (VCC). The concluding follow up visits were scheduled approximately 2weeks after the last challenge chamber session. EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 A–D Time course of the mean total nasal symptom scores recorded for the four treatment groups in the challenge chamber at baseline and after vaccination. Shown are the means of the total nasal symptom scores (y-axes) recorded for the four treatment groups over a period of 360min (x-axes) before treatment at baseline and after the three injections (post) for all patients and after removal of subject 47 (A: baseline TNSS; B: TNSS post; C: baseline TNSS-subj 47; D: TNSS-subj 47 post). (S1: 10μg — red lines; S2: 20μg — green lines; S3: 40μg — purple lines; placebo — blue lines). EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Means of the TNSS recorded in the challenge chamber from hours 2 to 6. For each treatment group the mean TNSS at baseline (pre-) and after vaccination (post-) is shown with p-values and % differences for intra-group changes. Percentages (%) differences are based on geometric means (A: PP population, B: PP population without subject 47). (S1: 10μg — red bars; S2: 20μg — green bars; S3: 40μg — purple bars; placebo — blue bars) EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 TOSS in the treatment groups. Shown is the reduction of TOSS after treatment compared to baseline in the per protocol population (blue = placebo, purple = 40μg dose, green = 20μg dose, red = 10μg dose). Percentage changes compared to baseline are indicated. EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Grass pollen allergen-specific skin reactions in the treatment groups. Shown are in (A) the changes of the sums of wheal areas after treatment compared to baseline and in (B) the changes in the mean wheal areas after treatment compared to baseline in the per protocol population (blue = placebo, purple = 40μg dose, green = 20μg dose, red = 10μg dose). Percentage changes compared to baseline are indicated. EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Grass pollen allergen-specific immunological changes in the treatment groups before and after vaccination. (A) IgG levels specific for Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5, Phl p 6 and PreS (y-axes: OD levels, horizontal bars denote medians) in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. (B) IgE levels specific for Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5 and Phl p 6 (y-axes: OD levels, horizontal bars denote medians) in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. Significant differences between pre and post samples are indicated (****p<0.0001; ***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05). (C) Grass pollen allergen-induced up-regulation of CD203c expression (y-axes: SIs as box plots with indicated medians, whiskers = minimum and maximum; boxes = 25th to 75th percentiles) in tested blood samples from patients of the active treatment groups (S1: 10μg, n=4; S2: 20μg, n=4; S3: 40μg, n=2) or the placebo group (n=6) for different allergen concentrations (x-axes) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. Significant differences between pre and post samples are indicated (**p<0.01; *p<0.05). (D) Reduction of allergen-induced T cell proliferation in PBMCs (y-axes: counts per minute, cpm reductions as box plots with indicated medians, whiskers = minimum and maximum; boxes = 25th to 75th percentiles) after pre-incubation of allergens with post-treatment sera versus pre-incubation with pre-treatment sera for placebo (n=6) and actively treated patients (n=19) and for the individual treatment groups (S1: 10μg, n=6; S2: 20μg, n=7; S3: 40μg, n=6; placebo, n=6). Significant differences in the cpm reductions between actively and placebo treated patients are indicated. EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Grass pollen allergen-specific immunological changes in the treatment groups before and after vaccination. (A) IgG levels specific for Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5, Phl p 6 and PreS (y-axes: OD levels, horizontal bars denote medians) in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. (B) IgE levels specific for Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5 and Phl p 6 (y-axes: OD levels, horizontal bars denote medians) in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. Significant differences between pre and post samples are indicated (****p<0.0001; ***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05). (C) Grass pollen allergen-induced up-regulation of CD203c expression (y-axes: SIs as box plots with indicated medians, whiskers = minimum and maximum; boxes = 25th to 75th percentiles) in tested blood samples from patients of the active treatment groups (S1: 10μg, n=4; S2: 20μg, n=4; S3: 40μg, n=2) or the placebo group (n=6) for different allergen concentrations (x-axes) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. Significant differences between pre and post samples are indicated (**p<0.01; *p<0.05). (D) Reduction of allergen-induced T cell proliferation in PBMCs (y-axes: counts per minute, cpm reductions as box plots with indicated medians, whiskers = minimum and maximum; boxes = 25th to 75th percentiles) after pre-incubation of allergens with post-treatment sera versus pre-incubation with pre-treatment sera for placebo (n=6) and actively treated patients (n=19) and for the individual treatment groups (S1: 10μg, n=6; S2: 20μg, n=7; S3: 40μg, n=6; placebo, n=6). Significant differences in the cpm reductions between actively and placebo treated patients are indicated. EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 IgG subclass responses to grass pollen allergens and PreS in the treatment groups. Shown are IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 subclass levels specific for Phl p 1 (panel A), Phl p 2 (panel B), Phl p 5 (panel C), Phl p 6 (panel D) and PreS (panel E) (y-axes: OD levels, horizontal bars denote medians) in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. Significant differences between pre and post samples are indicated (****p<0.0001; ***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05). EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 9 Allergen-specific IgG responses to micro-arrayed grass pollen allergens. Shown are IgG levels (y-axes: ISU; horizontal bars denote medians) for Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5, Phl p 6 in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. Significant differences between pre and post samples are indicated (****p<0.0001; ***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05). EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 10 Quantification of grass pollen allergen-specific IgE levels in the treatment groups before and after vaccination. Timothy grass pollen allergen extract-specific IgE levels determined by ImmunoCAP (y-axes: kUA/l, horizontal bars denote medians) in sera from the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) before (pre) and after (post) treatment. EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 11 Changes of IgE-binding to micro-arrayed allergens in the treatment groups. Shown are the percentages reduction of IgE binding (box plot representations of the 25th to 75th percentiles, horizontal bars denote medians, whiskers = minimum and maximum) to Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5 and Phl p 6 in the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo) after treatment. Significant differences between actively and placebo-treated patients are indicated (***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05). EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 12 Changes of allergen-induced cytokine secretion in cultured PBMC obtained from the patients before and after treatment. Shown are the levels of cytokines (IL-5, IL-12, IL-13, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-gamma) (y-axes: pg/ml; box plot representations of the 25th to 75th percentiles, horizontal bars denote medians, whiskers = minimum and maximum) measured in cultured PBMCs stimulated with grass pollen allergens before and after treatment in the four patient groups (S1: 10μg; S2: 20μg; S3: 40μg; placebo). Significant differences between before and after cultures are indicated (*p<0.05). EBioMedicine 2016 11, 43-57DOI: (10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.022) Copyright © 2016 Forschungsgesellschaft für Arbeitsphysiologie und Arbeitschutz e.V. Terms and Conditions