Roots, Stems, Leaves Chapter 4 Section 4 #47A

Roots Functions: _____________ plants Absorb water and ________________ from soil Store ___________

Types of Roots ______________ roots _________________ Has many ___________ sized roots Form dense tangled mass Take a lot of soil when you pull them up Grass, corn, _________ _________________ Has one long thick _______________ root Smaller roots branch off main root _____________ to pull out of ground Carrots, ____________, cacti

The Structure of a Root Structure Location Function __________ _________ Tip of root _______________ the root from injury from rocks as root grows through soil Root ______________ Grow out of roots surface Enter spaces between ____________ particles to absorb water and minerals _________________ In vascular tissue Transports ____________ and nutrients upward Phloem In ______________ tissue Transports ____________ manufactured in leaves to roots

Stems Functions: Carries substances between plants _________________ and leaves Provides ____________ for plant Holds ______________ up so they are exposed to the sun

The Structure of a Stem Contain no __________________ and are soft Herbaceous Woody Contain no __________________ and are soft Coneflowers, pepper plants Have phloem and xylem _____________ and rigid Roses, woody stems Have phloem and xylem Layers _______________ bark-protects the cells inside Inner bark- living phloem Cambium- produces new phloem and xylem Sapwood- active xylem that transports water and nutrients Heartwood- old inactive xylem that helps support the tree ______________ rings- each ring of xylem (a band of light wood and a band of dark wood0 represents one year’s growth

Leaves Responsible for capturing the sun’s _________________ and carrying out the food-making process of photosynthesis. Come in all shapes and sizes Pines have _______________ Birch trees have small rounded leaves

The Structure of a Leaf Structure Function __________________ Controls water loss Xylem -Carries ______________ absorbed by roots to leaves _____________ -Carries food made in leaves during photosynthesis to rest of plant Stomata -Tiny pores -Let in CO2 -Let out _____________ and water vapor _____________ leaf cells -Widely spaced cells -Allow CO2 to reach cells for photosynthesis -Allow oxygen to escape in air Upper leaf cells -Tightly packed cells -Trap sunlight's energy -Contain most _________________