BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

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Presentation transcript:

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES Ecology UNIT

What is a Biogeochemical cycle? ORGANISMS matter matter ENVIRONMENT

FOUR MAJOR CYCLES CARBON NITROGEN PHOSPHORUS WATER

Importance to Organisms Carbon Nitrogen Organic compounds Proteins & nucleic acids

Phosphorus Water A T P , Nucleic acids Water !!

The Carbon Cycle In nature: CO2 gas in atmosphere CO32- dissolved in oceans HCO3- dissolved in oceans limestone rocks fossil fuels (coal, oil, CH4) cellulose

In organisms: plants/algae/cyanobacteria: Photosynthesis (C-fixing) animals: consumption of plants and/or primary consumers

Return to Environment: cellular respiration combustion of fossil fuels decomposition of organic material

The Nitrogen Cycle In nature: N2 gas in atmosphere NH4+ in soil NH3 and N-containing waste nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-)

In organisms: plants: absorption of NH4+ or nitrate in soil animals: consumption of plants and/or primary consumers

How do plants absorb Nitrogen? Nitrogen Fixation Nitrification Assimilation

Nitrogen Fixation Bacteria in soil and plant nodules N2 gas nitrogenase or lightning or UV radiation N + H

Nitrification Ammonium Ammonia Nitrite soil bacteria Nitrate

Assimilation Plant roots absorb nitrate or ammonia formed by previous processes. Nitrogen is incorporated into plant proteins / nucleic acids.

Return to Environment: Bacterial action: NO3- N2 to atmosphere Organic cmpds NH4+ (decomposition / ammonification)

Animal Action: Excretion of NH4+ / NH3 in urea or uric acid.

The Phosphorus Cycle In nature: no gaseous state :. Non atmospheric stored in rocks: Erosion P in soil P in water

In organisms: plants: root absorption from soil animals: consumption of plants and/or primary consumers

Return to the Environment: Decomposers Excretion of P by animals

The Phosphorus Cycle

The Water Cycle In nature: oceans air (vapor) groundwater glaciers

In organisms: plants: absorption from soil animals: drinking eating plants / other animals

Return to Environment: Transpiration in plants Animal / Plant Decomposition

What distinguishes the Water Cycle from the others??