GLOBAL EDUCATION & LINKAGES ICT for Education An Overview Prepared by Kelvin K. Omieno

Overview ICTs in Education – Dilemmas and Realities Role and Nature of ICTs in Education Potential of ICTs From Potential to Effectiveness

Dilemmas Realities Monolithic Automatic Computers Substitute Vendors Analyze Educational objectives Determine Objective for ICT Understand Potential of ICTs Examine suitability of ICTs Plan program of investment Implement prerequisites and corequisites Evaluate and adjust continuously Qs about Value of ICTs Monolithic Automatic Computers Substitute Vendors Parents Business Techies Belief Doubt Wait Decision Maker Myths Pressures

Necessity of ICTs Effective Learning For All Anytime Anywhere Globalization of Economy Information Tech Innovations Knowledge-based Society Escalating Demand for Education For All Anytime Anywhere

ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Learning Objectives Learning Objective Technology Text Audio Video Computer Internet Storage or display x Exploration Application Analysis Evaluation Constructing or design of project

ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Teaching Objectives Teaching Objective Technology Text Audio Video Computer Internet Presentation x Demonstration Drill and practice (e.g., Language lab) Animation and simulation Research Collaboration/ communication networked Management of student learning

ICTs for What Purpose ICTs and the School Technologies on Location Technologies at a Distance Printed matter Correspondence Slides, transparencies Scanners Digital notepads and white boards Audiotapes Radio Films and videos TV broadcasts Digital books Web pages CDs Web: Internet, intranet Computer projection Webcast

Potential ICTs Access Community Linkages Efficiency Planning & Of ICTs Efficiency Planning & Management Learning Lifelong Learning Teaching Skill Formation

Potential: 1. Expanding Educational Opportunities Radio Broadcast Interactive Radio Instruction Television Virtual Schools Virtual Universities

Potential: 2. Increasing Efficiency Issues Dual Shift Systems Multigrade Schools Small Urban or Rural Schools Flexibility in Learning Schedule Solutions Broadcast Radio Interactive Radio Educational TV Virtual Online Courses

Potential: 3. Enhancing Quality of Learning Motivate and engage learners Bring life to concepts and processes Foster inquiry Provide flexibility Allow application of information Provide access to world of information Bring the world into the classroom Offer collaborative opportunities and communication Offer tutored and individualized learning Solutions Radio and TV Multimedia Learning Modules Virtual Labs Connecting to the Worlds Designing and Creating Things

Potential: 4. Enhancing Quality of Teaching Issues Difficult Profession No One-Shot Training Continuum Initial Training Lifelong Upgrading Connecting Solutions Multimedia Training and Support System Training Videos Teacher Development Portal Internet Resources for Teachers

Potential: 5. Facilitating Skill Formation New Workplace Realities E-Training Just-in-Time Convenient Place Up-to-Pate User-centric Solutions Simulations Competency-based multi-media Video and Interactive media Workplace Training

Potential: 6. Sustaining Lifelong Learning Issues Workers need to learn new skills Modern societies demand constant updating The “educated” can become obsolete Life-cycle pattern is changing Solutions Radio and TV Multimedia Packages Online Courses Open Universities “Third Age” Universities

Potential: 7. Improving Policy Planning & Management Management of Institutions and Systems School: Admissions, student flow, personnel, staff development, facilities… System: School mapping, personnel payroll, MIS, communication, information, . . . Management of Policy Making Storage and analysis of data Construction and assessment of policy scenarios Tracer studies and tracking systems

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Growth in ICT Access Millions

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Telephones, Cellular phones and PCs per 1,000 inhabitants 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Africa America w/o US & Canada US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD Telephone subscribers/100 Inhabitants Cellular subscribers/100 Inhabitants PCs/100 inhabitants

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Africa America w/o US & Canada US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD Internet Hosts/10,000 inhabitants Internet Users/10,000 inhabitants Internet hosts and users per 10,000 inhabitants

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages ICT access varies within countries Disparities is magnified by gender factor ICT access contributes to escape from poverty ICT access for all requires attention to Infrastructure Cost Laws and regulations

Radio Stations and Receivers Suitcase Radio Station Crank/Solar Radio Crank Radio Digital Satellite Radio

Telecenters

Women-Friendly Telecenters Within accepted culture; fosters harmony Women do not have to travel far Center meets needs of men and women No childcare problem Space is roomy and provides privacy Staff is well integrated

Potential Prerequisites Corequisites Effectiveness

From Potential to Effectiveness Educational Policy Approach to ICTs Infrastructure ICT-Enhanced Content Committed and Trained Personnel Financial Resources Integration Piloting and Evaluation

 X Conclusion To Tech or not to Tech Education ICT ――►Education More Effective and Responsive  ICTs

“We do not think anymore of the spectacle of printing every time we read a book, the phenomenon of TV every time we watch a movie, or the miracle of the telephone every time we make a call. The ultimate success of ICTs for learning will be attained when we stop marveling about the ICTs and apply our minds and emotions to the wonders of learning.”

The End

Levels of ICTs for Different Learning Objectives and Roles of Learners Constructing or design of Project Evaluation Analysis Application Exploration Storage or display Passive ACTIVE LEARNER’S ROLE

Levels of ICTs for Different Teaching Uses and Roles of Teachers Management of Student Learning Collaboration/Co mmunication Research Animation/ Simulation Drill & Practice Demonstration Presentation Provider Facilitator TEACHER’S ROLE TEACHING OBJECTIVE Go Back

Infrastructure Wind Power Generator Solar Energy Namibia Schoolnet Pedal Power Generator Go Back

31-48% 5. Costing and Budgeting Total Cost of Ownership Acquisition - hardware and software Installation and configuration Connectivity Maintenance : 15-20% of initial investment Supplies: 8-10% Utilities: 4-8% Computer training 5-10% Retrofitting of physical facilities replacement costs (5-7 years) Additional Costs Acquisition and creation of content materials Orientation and training of staff Testing, evaluation and adjustment 31-48% Go Back