Daily Warm-Up Exercises Day 6 All igneous rocks form underground. Is the above statement true or false? Explain. False. Some form on Earth's surface from molten rock that is released when a volcano erupts. When igneous rock forms underground, is it likely to form faster, slower, or at the same rate as igneous rock that forms on Earth's surface? Slower. There is extreme heat inside Earth, so molten rock that is trapped underground will cool and harden slowly. Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1

Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks (Part 1, steps 1-6) Investigation 8 One Rock to Another

Rock Identification A and B Using the hand lens and the acid, complete the Rock number and Description columns. Use Resource Book pages 42-46. Steps for acid test: 1. Goggles 2. Paper towel (2 pieces) 3. 1-2 drops/reverse side 4. Dry up (max 30 sec)

Rock Identification A (#11 - 13) igneous pink, white, black, grey shiny flat crystals dense intrusive 11 granite igneous grey, black, white dense fine-grained 12 extrusive basalt, fine-grained igneous black, grey holes of various sizes dense 13 extrusive basalt, vesicular

Rock Identification A (#16 - 19) igneous black, dark brown very shiny, like glass forms sharp edges 16 extrusive obsidian igneous grey, tan with holes not very dense would float in water 17 extrusive pumice igneous browns, reds holes like pumice does not float in water 19 extrusive scoria

Rock Identification A (#21) igneous 21 mostly white, some tan chalky, grainy extrusive tuff

Rock Identification B (#1 - 15) comes from shale or mudstone metamorphic 1 black, shiny schist metamorphic comes from shale or granite white, tan, black with lines 14 gneiss comes from limestone metamorphic fizzes in acid white, crystalline 15 marble

Rock Identification B (#18 - 20) metamorphic comes from sandstone 18 pink, crystalline quartzite metamorphic comes from shale 20 black, hard, smooth slate

Igneous & Metamorphic Rocks (Part 1, steps 7-15) Investigation 8 One Rock to Another

Layers of the Earth Inner Core: At the center of the Earth Solid iron and nickel Outer Core: Surrounding the inner core Molten iron and nickel Mantle: Between the crust and core The most massive part of Earth Lower part is a soft (plastic) solid Crust: The thin outer surface of the Earth The part we stand on If Earth were an egg, the crust would be the shell Compare Rock Formation 10

Igneous Rocks Extrusive igneous rock forms when lava cools on the surface of the Earth Called lava on the surface examples: obsidian, pumice, tuff, scoria, basalt Intrusive igneous rock forms when magma cools below the surface of the Earth in the crust example: granite

Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic means “changed” Rocks that have changed from other types of rock The change is brought about by pressure and/or heat Called lava on the surface

Metamorphic Rocks Pressure occurs when Rocks are buried deep in the Earth Magma pushes up from below Heat occurs when rocks are covered with magma Heat and Pressure result when rocks are pressed down close to magma

Metamorphic Rocks When rocks get so hot that they melt, they turn into magma If magma resolidifies, it is a new igneous rock Metamorphic rocks never completely melt

(the original rock that changes) Source and Morph Rocks All metamorphic rocks form from a source rock Source Rock (the original rock that changes) Morph Rock Heat and/or Pressure limestone marble

Source and Morph Results shale slate shale or mudstone schist sandstone quartzite granite gneiss

Daily Warm-Up Exercises Essay Question What forces are constantly shaping and reshaping Earth’s surface? (Hint: constructive/ destructive) Earth processes are going all the time. Destructive processes break down landforms. These include weathering, erosion, and tectonic plates sinking and melting. Constructive processes build up. They include mountain building, deposition (sedimentation), and new crust formation. When igneous rock forms underground, is it likely to form faster, slower, or at the same rate as igneous rock that forms on Earth's surface? Slower. There is extreme heat inside Earth, so molten rock that is trapped underground will cool and harden slowly. Daily Warm-Up Exercises 17 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 17