Chapter 13 Designing the World through Engineering

Objectives Distinguish between the natural world and the designed world. Explain the purpose of designing through engineering. Identify seven categories of technologies. Describe the role of engineering design in each of the categories of technologies. Zapp2Photo/Shutterstock.com

The Designed World Creating what does not exist in natural world Made by humans for thousands of years Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock.com

The Natural World Rocks Plants Trees Animals Andrew Mayovskyy/Shutterstock.com

Early Technologies Created for survival Rudimentary shelters Tools for hunting, gathering, and protection Designed to achieve specific goal Andrey Burmakin/Shutterstock.com

Designing through Engineering Satisfies desire for high quality of life Conceptualizes new products and processes Math and science knowledge Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com

Artistic Design Address human needs and wants Creativity and aesthetics scyther5/Shutterstock.com

Technologies and Industries Varying purposes, processes, and outcomes Interrelated and overlap Zapp2Photo/Shutterstock.com

Manufacturing Technologies Variety of processes, systems, and procedures Higher efficiency Assembly lines and standardization of parts Computers and robotics Wasant/Shutterstock.com; honix_a Pk.sarote/Shutterstock.com

Considerations of Manufacturing Engineers Usefulness Materials Processes Samot/Shutterstock.com

Challenges in Manufacturing Technologies Ever-changing world Global economies Ongoing developments Environmental impact

Construction Technologies Structure design, assembly, and maintenance Similar to civil engineering Andrew Zarivney/Shutterstock.com

Considerations of Construction Engineers Quality of building materials Environmental forces Demands of users Math and science concepts Mrs_ya/Shutterstock.com

Challenges in Construction Technologies Aging infrastructures Sustainability Demand for green buildings Moosician/Shutterstock.com

Building’s Life Cycle Important to consider in design of structure Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock.com; Unkas Photo/Shutterstock.com; Artens/Shutterstock.com; David Spates/Shutterstock.com; ingehogenbijl/Shutterstock.com Monika Gruszewicz/Shutterstock.com

Transportation Technologies Land, water, air, and space travel Coordination with manufacturing and construction Dima Zel/Shutterstock.com

Considerations of Transportation Engineers New needs and wants Safety Comfort ambrozinio/Shutterstock.com

Challenges in Transportation Technologies Dependence on exhaustible resources Increasing populations Sustainability and fuel-efficiency Impact of energy and power technologies

Energy and Power Technologies Wide range impact Individual’s lives Environment Availability of natural resources Other areas of technology

Considerations of Energy and Power Engineers Inputs Type of energy Outputs Feedback

Challenges in Energy and Power Technologies Consumption of less energy and power Resource shortages Efficiency Alternative energy sources monicaodo/Shutterstock.com

Information and Communication Technologies Wide range of products and processes Based on other advancements Always changing Transfer of ideas and information GaudiLab/Shutterstock.com

Considerations of Information and Communication Engineers Efficiency Effectiveness Innovation Speed of transmittal Interactivity Slimmer designs Flexible use

Challenges in Information and Communication Technologies Finding new ways to teach students Ensuring security of cyberspace Protecting personal privacy and national security megaflopp/Shutterstock.com

Medical Technologies Advancements allow healthier and longer lives Treat illness and injury Knowledge to make healthy decisions EPSTOCK/Shutterstock.com Tewan Banditrukkanka/Shutterstock.com

Considerations of Biomedical Engineers Identification and research of medical problems Development, testing, and evaluation of solutions Medical technological tools Human body

Challenges in Medical Technologies Discover better medicines Drugs customized to person’s DNA Individuals’ susceptibility to certain diseases Mopic/Shutterstock.com

Think Green Green Building Limits long-term, negative environmental impacts Throughout building life cycle Materials for construction Structure’s impact on local area Required energy for operation LEED certification

Biotechnology and Agricultural Technologies Use and application of living organisms Existed for thousands of years Required knowledge of ecosystems Wayhomestudio/Shutterstock.com HUANGSHENG ZU/Shutterstock.com

Considerations of Agricultural Engineers Research and testing technologies Human and environment impact Social and ethical concerns Trade-offs

Challenges in Biotechnology and Agricultural Technologies World hunger Safety of GMO foods on human health Negative impacts on ecosystems

Mechatronics Engineer Career Connection Mechatronics Engineer Combines mechanical and electrical technology with information, computers, and control systems Develop, improve, and operate automation technologies Digital electronics and engineering design Postsecondary degree Analytical and critical thinking