The characteristics of living organisms

All living things All Living thing are made up of one or more ____________ All living things have genetic material called __________ All living things _______ and ______ All living thing use and obtain _______ and ________ wastes All living things _________ either sexually or asexually All living things _______ to the environment. All living things must have _________ that allow them to survive in their environment All living things must maintain a stable internal environment called _____________ Cells DNA Develop Grow Energy Excrete reproduce respond adaptations homeostasis

1. All living things are made of cells. The cell is the smallest unit of life. a. Some organisms are made up of a single cell (unicellular). Most are too small to see. b. Most living organisms are made up of many cells (multicellular). These are the organisms that you can see. Both multicellular organisms and unicellular organisms share all the characteristics of life.

The Cell Theory Three parts of the Cell Theory: All living things are made up of one or more cells 2. Cells carry out the basic functions of life. 3. Cells come from other living cells

Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic (Bacteria) No nucleus No membrane-covered organelles unicellular What Kingdoms are made from these cells? http://www.fluwiki.info/pmwiki.php?n=Science.Glossary

Two Types of Cells Eukaryotic (all other cells) Nucleus Membrane-covered organelles Most are multicellular What Kingdoms are made from these cells? http://www.williamsclass.com/SeventhScienceWork/CellTheoryParts.htm

Cell Membrane Keeps the cytoplasm inside, controls what goes in and out of a cell. http://court94.glogster.com/

Cell Membrane- Transport Diffusion- Molecules move from high concentration to a low concentration Active Transport- Requires Energy Osmosis- The diffusion of water molecules from high concentration to low concentation

Cell Wall Provides strength and support to the cell membrane Only in bacteria, fungi, plants and algae http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/cell%20wall.htm

Nucleus Contains the cell’s DNA Control center of the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/nuclues.htm

Ribosomes The site where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/ribosome.htm

Endoplasmic Recticulum Factory of cell: Makes ribosomes and other cell organelles Internal delivery system of the cell http://www.nsf.gov/news/overviews/biology/interact07.jsp

Mitochondria Breaks down food molecules to make energy (Site of cellular respiration) In a plant cell In an animal cell http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/mitochondria.htm http://avonapbio.pbworks.com/w/page/9429473/Mitochondria:-The-Powerhouse-of-a-Cell

Chloroplast Makes food using the energy of sunlight (photosynthesis) ONLY found in plants http://cellbiology.med.unsw.edu.au/units/science/lecture0807.htm

Golgi Complex (Golgi Body) Processes and transports materials out of the cell Packages up proteins for release from the cell Looks like ER, but it is closer to the cell membrane http://creationrevolution.com/2010/11/golgi-apparatus-steel-industry-of-the-simple-cell-%E2%80%93-part-6/

Central Vacuole Stores water and other materials Some plants wilt when their vacuoles lose water http://accelbiosbhs.glogster.com/Central-Vacuole-Anisha/

Lysosomes Digests food particles, wastes, cell parts and foreign invaders http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/lysosomes.htm

Vesicles Stores and transports material and waste in cell http://www.williamsclass.com/SeventhScienceWork/CellTheoryParts.htm

Animal Cell

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Plant Cell

Plant Cell