8th grade Ancient Greeks Clues – Ch 4 8th grade Ancient Greeks

Ch 4 – Section 1

1 What 3 ways did many ancient Greeks make a living from the sea?

2 What kind of climate allowed the Greeks to grow wheat, barley, olives, and grapes?

3 What land features divided early Greek communities?

4 Who uncovered the ruins of a grand palace that had been the center of Minoan civilization?

5 What island was the Minoan civilization discovered on?

6 Were the Minoans Greek?

7 What is the name of the palace that revealed the riches of the ancient Minoan society?

8 What did the Minoans make their wealth from?

9 What were the Minoan ships built from?

10 How far did the Minoans sail their ships?

11 What did the Minoans trade pottery and stone vases for?

12 In 2000 B.C. the Minoans controlled the eastern Mediterranean Sea and kept it free of what?

13 About what year did the Minoan civilization suddenly collapse?

14 What group invaded the Minoans and may have caused their collapse?

15 Who became the first Greek kings?

16 Who became the nobles?

17 Who discovered and named the civilization of the Mycenaean?

18 What was the centerpiece of the Mycenaean kingdom?

19 Who did the estates/farms belong to?

20 Who lived on the estates?

21 What did the Mycenaean government officials collect as taxes?

22 The Mycenaean copied the way the Minoans did what?

23 What Minoan chief goddess did the Mycenaean start worshipping?

24 Around what year the Mycenaean replace the Minoans as the major power in the Mediterranean?

25 What were the Mycenaean most proud of?

26 What years did the Dark Ages span?

27 What resulted from people not being taught to write?

28 Why did the Mycenaean civilization collapse?

29 What group began to move South and settle in Peloponnesus?

30 What kind of weapons did the Dorians have?

31 What did the Phoenician alphabet make much easier?

32 Why did people begin to send people out to form colonies?

33 What did the Greeks begin to do in 600 B.C.?

34 What did producers begin to do to keep up with the growth of industry?

35 What is the name of the Greek city-state?

36 What was the main gathering area of the city-states?

37 What was the agora used for?

38 Who ran the Greek city-state?

39 Who could be a citizen in ancient Greece?

40 What city-state dropped the land-owning requirement for citizenship?

41 Name the 5 rights of citizenship:

42 What must citizens do in return for their rights?

43 What is a hoplite?

44 How did the hoplites march?

45 Why did the hoplites make good soldiers?

Ch 4 – Section 2

46 Tyrant were able to seize power from the nobles with the support of who?

47 What we small farmers losing because of debt?

48 What is a tyrant?

49 How did most tyrant act?

50 How did tyrants make themselves popular?

51 Why did tyrants fall out of favor?

52 What kind of government did Sparta have?

53 What kind of government did Athens have?

54 What did Spartans focus on to control the people they conquered?

55 Who founded Sparta?

56 What did the Spartans call the enslaved?

57 Why did the government of Sparta firmly control its people?

58 At what age did Sparta boys leave home to live in the barracks?

59 Why did the Spartans treat the boys harshly?

60 At what age did Spartan men enter the regular army?

61 At what age did Spartan men return home?

62 What were the Spartan men never expected to do?

63 What sports did Spartan girls train in?

64 In what ways were Spartan women freer than other Greek women?

65 Who was the Spartan council made of?

66 Who made up the Spartan assembly?

67 What did the Spartan assembly do?

68 Why did Spartans discourage foreign visitors?

69 What was taught in Athenian schools?

70 Did Athenian girls attend school?

71 What were Athenian girls taught?

72 Who did Athens turn to with problems dealing with farmers debt and land for the poor?

73 How did Athens solve the problem of farmers debt?

74 Who did Solon allow to participate in Athenian assembly?

75 What did Solon refuse to do?

76 When did Peisistratus seize power?

77 What did Peisistratus do with large estates?

78 Who did Peisistratus loan money to?

79 Who came to power in 508 B.C.?

80 What new powers did the assembly have under Cleisthenes?

81 Who is credited with make the government of Athens a democracy?

82 Who was excluded from Athenian government?

Ch 4 – Section 3

83 Who united when Persia tried to conquer the Greeks?

84 Who united the Persians into a powerful kingdom?

85 What area did Cyrus’s armies take over?

86 Leaders following Cyrus conquered an area about the size of what?

87 How far did the Persian Royal Road stretch?

88 What Persian ruler divided the empire into satrapies?

89 What jobs did the satrap have?

90 Who did the Persian king’s power depend upon?

91 What kind of soldiers did Darius have?

92 Why were the 10,000 men that guarded the king of Persia called the Immortals?

93 Zoroastrianism believes their god is a force of what?

94 What does Zoroastrianism believe will triumph in the end?

95 How many Persian soldiers landed on the plains of Marathon?

96 Why did Athens not attack Persia?

97 Why were the Persians easily defeated at Marathon?

98 Who was the messenger sent to Athens with word from Marathon?

99 What was his last word?

100 What Persian king vowed revenge against Athens?

101 What did Xerxes launch his invasion of Greece with?

102 Who served as commander of the Spartans?

103 Who came up with the plan to fight the Persians?

104 What did Themistocles suggest?

105 Where did the Greeks decide to block the Persians?

106 How many Greeks stayed behind in Thermopylae and fought to their death?

107 Where did the Greek fleet attack the Persian fleet?

108 Why were the Greek ships able to destroy most of the Persian fleet?

109 What was the turning point for the Greeks against Persia?

110 Why did the Persians rebel against Persian rulers?

111 How many Persian rulers were murdered following Darius?

Ch 4 – Section 4

112 Under whose leadership did Athens become a powerful city-state?

113 What was the purpose of the Delian League?

114 Where did most of the Delian League troops come from?

115 What did the Delian League become?

116 Why did direct democracy work in Athens?

117 What kind of democratic system does the United States have?

118 How long did Pericles guide Athens?

119 How did Pericles treat other city-states?

120 Pericles believed that people’s talents were more important that what?

121 Pericles allowed who to run for public office?

122 How did Pericles allow poor citizens to be a part of the inner circle running the government?

123 Why did Pericles start the rebuilding program?

124 What did Pericles call Athens?

125 What is Pericles most well known public building?

126 How many enslaved people did Athens have?

127 What did many Athenians depend on for a living?

128 What city-state became the center of the Greek world during the 400’s?

129 What did merchants and artisans grow wealthy making and selling?

130 What did Athenian men do after they worked in the mornings?

131 What did women’s life revolve around in Athens?

132 Why would an upper-class Athenian woman go out of her home?

133 Athenian upper-class women could only leave the home if who accompanied them?

134 Why did Aspasia have a special status?

135 Who credits Aspasia with helping shape his ideas?

136 Who often consulted Aspasia about politics?

137 What is the name of the war between Sparta and Athens?

138 When did war break out between Athens and Sparta and when did it end?

139 Why did Athens hold a public funeral?

140 What did Pericles say made the Athenian government strong?

141 What did Pericles’ funeral oration give the Athenians courage to do?

142 What did Pericles urge farmers and others living on the outskirts of Athens to do?

143 Why could Sparta not attack Athenian ships?

144 What killed 1/3 of the people of Athens, including Pericles?

145 Who provided the Spartans enough money to build a navy?

146 What year did Athens finally surrender to Sparta?