Physical Development The Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual

What happens with large individual variations in the timing of the adolescent growth

PERIODE PERKEMBANGAN PERIODE VITAL = 0.0 – 2.0 PERIODE AESTHETIS = 2.0 – 6.0 PRIODE INTELEKTUAL = 6.0 – 12.0 PERIODE PUBERTAS = 12.0 – 18.0

Development of the Brain Brain growth spurt the period between the seventh prenatal month and 2 years of age when more than half of the child’s eventual brain weight is gained. The brain grows from 25 percent of its eventual adult weight at birth to 75 percent of adult weight by age 2. Indeed, the brain growth spurt because more than half of one’s adult brain weight is gained at this time (Glaser, 2000). Between the seventh prenatal month and a child’s first birthday, the brain increases in weight by about 1.7 grams a day, or more than a milligram per minute..

Motor Development One of the more dramatic developments of the first year of life is the remarkable progress that infants make in controlling their movements and perfecting motor skills. Dynamical systems Theory They view each new skill as a construction that emerges as infants actively reorganize existing motor capabilities into new and more complex action systems. At first, these new motor configurations are likely to be tentative, inefficient, and uncoor-dinated

What about adolescent? adolescent growth spurt the rapid increase in physical growth that marks the beginning of adolescence. puberty the point at which a person reaches sexual maturity and is physically capable of fathering or conceiving a child.

The onset of adolescence is heralded by two significant changes in physical development. First, children change dramatically in size and shape as they enter the adolescent growth spurt (Pinyerd & Zipf, 2005). Second, they also reach puberty (from the Latin word pubertas, meaning “to grow hairy”), the point in life when an individual reaches sexual maturity (Mustanski et al., 2004) and becomes capable of producing a child (Pinyerd & Zipf, 2005).

Sexual Maturation Sexual Development in Girls Sexual Development in Boys

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF PUBERTY Does Timing of Puberty Matter? Think back for a moment to your own adolescence when you first realized that you were rapidly becoming a man or a woman. Did this happen to you earlier than to your friends, or later? Do you think that the timing of these events could have influenced your personality or social life? Timing of puberty does have some meaningful implications, although its impact differs somewhat for boys and girls.

What do you prefer

PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN ADOLESCENCE

ADOLESCENCE Adolescence is a transitional period in the human life span, linking childhood and adulthood. Hurlock (1973) about 13 until 18 years old Thornburgh (1982 ) about 11 until 22 years old Early adolescence 11 – 13 years old Middle adolescence 14 – 16 years old Last adolescence 17 - 22 years old A. THE NATURE OF ADOLESCENCE As in development during childhood, genetic/biological and environnemental/ social factor influence adolescent development. During their childhood years of development, adolescents experienced thousands of hours of interactions with parents, peers, and teachers, but now they face dramatic biological changes, new experiences, and new developmental tasks.

EARLY ADOLESCENCE 11 – 13 YEARS OLD Middle adolescence 14 – 16 years old

Relationships with parents take a different form, moments with peers become more intimate, and dating occurs for the first time, as do sexual exploration and possibly intercourse. The adolescent’s thoughts are more abstract and idealistic. Biological changes trigger a heightened interest in body image. Adolescence has both continuity and discontinuity with childhood.

PUBERTY Puberty is not the same as adolescence. Puberty is a period of rapid physical maturation involving hormonal and bodily changes that occurs primarily during early adolescence. We know whether a young boy or girl is going through puberty, but pinpointing puberty’s beginning and end is difficult. Among the most noticeable changes are signs of sexual maturation and increases in height and weight.

B. PHYSICAL CHANGES PHYSICAL CHANGES Attitude Sexual Maturation, Height, and Weight Behavior Healthy STROM DAN STRESS Self image Self esteem

What will I DO?