ASTRONOMY

Movie Questions What is a meteorite? Names _______ _________ Score _____ Movie Questions What is a meteorite? How many years did it take for the Earth to form? What are the three layers of the Earth? What is in the center of the Earth? Why did the core of the Earth form? What did Ernest Rutherford do to help date the planet? What did salt crystals demonstrate for us in space? What was found in Arizona that Patterson used to help date the Earth? What age did Patterson give our planet? What is an amphibolite? What did the young scientist realize an amphibolite provides for our knowledge of our planet? What does magnetite provide for scientists today? What percent of our planet is made of water? What did stromatolites provide for scientists? Where did the building blocks of protein come from according to scientists and their findings?

The Universe Empty space, energy and matter (mainly hydrogen) Stars: are spherical masses of hot gas producing energy “light year” unit to measure distance in space The distance light will travel in a year

The Solar System Sun is 4.6 billion yrs old! Planets: The sun is the center of the solar system The sun is the nearest star to the Earth The sun produces energy by fusion of Hydrogen gas The sun is the largest body in our solar system. Planets: Solid bodies Gravity keeps planets in orbit

Other objects: Moons orbit planets Asteroids: irregularly shaped rocks that orbit the Sun Comets: masses of ice and rock embedded Ice is composed of water, ammonia, methane and carbon dioxide When a comet melts it leaves a light trail and rocks called: Meteoroids: debris from the comet, rock fragments

The Moon Revolves around Earth in elliptical path Revolution is 27 1/3rd days Rotation is 27 1/3rd days Why do we see the Moon? The Sun light reflects off of it

4 Phases of the Moon: New moon (moon between the sun and Earth and we can’t see it) 1st Quarter (half the moon is lit) Full moon (fully illuminated) Last Quarter ( moon is half lit)

Lunar Eclipse: SEM Solar Eclipse: SME Occurs when the Earth is between the Sun and Moon the Earth’s shadow falls on Moon, and the Earth’s shadow darkens the moon. Solar Eclipse: SME Moon is between Earth and Sun Moon’s shadow falls on Earth , the Sun is not visible

Closure Open to pg 121 review homework questions Extended Response #s 32 and 35

Earth’s Movement Rotation: spinning on the axis Earth rotates on the imaginary axis every 24hrs Axis is tilted at 231/2 degree The tilting on the axis causes the different seasons. Rotates west to east / counter clockwise Therefore the Sun, Moon and stars appear to rise in the east and set in the west

Earth’s Revolution Revolution: orbiting around the Sun Orbits the Sun 365 ¼ days Counterclockwise

Seasons Caused by the tilt of the Earth on its axis Summer Solstice: June 21st (Northern Hemisphere tilted toward the Sun) June 21st: Northern Hem receives the longest daylight and most direct Sunlight Sun is Highest in the sky and casts the shortest shadows North Pole has 24 hrs daylight while the South Pole has 24 hr darkness When Northern Hemisphere is in Summer what is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?

Sun light is most direct toward the Equator (Equinox hint) Winter Solstice December 21st Southern Hemisphere tilted toward the Sun, while the Northern receives the least direct rays of the Sun and shortest daylight hours Spring Equinox: March 21st Fall Equinox: September 21st Sun light is most direct toward the Equator (Equinox hint) World wide there are 12 hrs of daylight and 12 hrs of night

Latitude and Longitude Latitude: the angular distance north and south of the Equator Ranges from 0 at the Equator to 90 to the N and S Divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres Latitudes is based on the Pole Star, Polaris

Longitude: Angular distance east and west of the Prime Meridian Ranges from 0 to 180 degrees of the Prime Meridian Lines run N to S and meet at the Poles Prime Meridian divides the Earth into Western and Eastern Hemispheres Based on the Sun Every 15 degrees is a one hour time difference

Earth’s Movement Rotation: spinning on the axis Earth rotates on the imaginary axis _________ Axis is tilted ___________ The tilting on the axis causes _______________. Rotates _____________________ Therefore the Sun, Moon and stars _____________________

Earth’s Revolution Revolution: _______________________________ Orbits the __________________ ___________________

Seasons Caused by ________________________________ Summer Solstice: ______________ (_________________________tilted toward the Sun) June 21st: Northern Hem receives ______________________________________________ Sun is Highest in the sky and _______________________ ____________________________________while the South Pole has 24 hr darkness When Northern Hemisphere is in Summer what is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?

Sun light is most direct toward the Equator (Equinox hint) Winter Solstice _____________________ Southern Hemisphere tilted ______________, while the Northern receives the _____________________________________________ Spring Equinox: _________________ Fall Equinox: ___________________ Sun light is most direct toward the Equator (Equinox hint) World wide there are 12 hrs of daylight and 12 hrs of night

Latitude and Longitude Latitude: the angular distance ____________________________________________ Ranges from ____________________________________________ Divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres Latitudes are based on the Pole Star, Polaris

Longitude: Angular distance east and west of the Prime Meridian Ranges from ________________________ Lines run ________________________ _______________divides the Earth into Western and Eastern Hemispheres Based on the Sun Every____________________________________________