BRC Science Highlight Mechanism for Increased Reaction Rate of Acid-Catalyzed Biomass Conversion in GVL solvent Objective To determine how polar solvents.

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BRC Science Highlight Mechanism for Increased Reaction Rate of Acid-Catalyzed Biomass Conversion in GVL solvent Objective To determine how polar solvents such as gamma-valerolactone (GVL) affect the kinetics of biomass sugar conversion in acid-catalyzed reactions. Approach Dehydration of xylose to furfural was used as a probe reaction to study the effects of GVL vs. water as a solvent on the kinetic parameters for acid-catalyzed conversion. Turn over frequencies (TOF) of xylose to furfural conversion were calculated using acid catalysts with varying pKa values. Result/Impacts A significant increase in reaction rate and product selectivity was observed for acid-catalyzed reactions utilizing GVL as compared to water. Polar solvents appear to stabilize the protonated transition state intermediate, favoring the energetics of product formation. GVL has similar effects on acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellobiose to glucose, indicating that the solvent properties are not specific to xylose. Notes: text Title again: Text 1-2 sentence summary? Mellmer M. A. et. al. 2014. Solvent Effects in Acid-Catalyzed Biomass Conversion Reactions. Angewandte Chemie, 53 (44), 11872-11875. GLBRC January 2015