Word Formation LECTURE 11

Types of Word Formation Compounding Conversion Clipping Blends Backformation Acronyms Onomatopoeia Eponyms

1. Compounding Home + work  homework Pick + pocket  pickpocket Definition: Two or more words joined together to form a new word. Examples: Home + work  homework Pick + pocket  pickpocket Fireman Hardware

2. Conversion Definition: Assigning an already existing word to a new syntactic category. Examples: butter (N)  to butter the bread permit (V)  an entry permit empty (A)  to empty the litter-bin poor (A)  a poor This is a must, belief, believes; use, to use;

3. Clipping Definition: Shortening a polysyllabic word by deleting one or more syllables Examples: Facsimile  fax Hamburger  burger Gasoline  Advertisement  bike Gym Lab Plane prof

4. Blends Definition: Similar to compounds, but parts of the words are deleted. Examples: Motor + hotel  Motel Breakfast + lunch  Brunch Wireless + Fidelity  Wi-Fi

broccoli + cauliflower  Broccoflower Broccoflower is an Eating plant of the species Brassica oleracea. The edible portion is the immature flower head of the plant. The word broccoflower is used to describe two different forms with light green heads.... breakfast + lunch  Brunch Brunch or bruncheon is a combination of breakfast and lunch. The term is a portmanteau of breakfast and lunch. Brunch is often served after a morning event or prior to an afternoon one, such as a wedding or sporting event....

camera + recorder  Camcorder A camcorder is a portable consumer electronics device for recording video and Sound recording using a built-in recorder unit. The camcorder contains both a video camera and a video recorder in one unit, hence its compound name....

education + entertainment  Edutainment Edutainment is a form of entertainment designed to Education as well as to amuse. Edutainment typically seeks to instruct or Socialization its audience by embedding lessons in some familiar form of entertainment: television programs, Video game, films, music, websites, multimedia software, etc....

information + commercials  Infomercial Infomercials are long-format television Television advertisement, typically five minutes or longer.. Infomercials are also known as paid programming ....

motor + hotel  Motel the word motel, a portmanteau of motor and hotel or motorists' hotel, referred initially to a type of hotel consisting of a single building of connected rooms whose doors faced a parking lot and, in some circumstances, a common area; or a series of small cabins

5. Back-formations Definition: word created by removing a morpheme perceived as an affix from an already existing word Examples: editor  edit Television  televise self-destruction  self-destruct

6. Acronyms Definition: Words derived from the initials of several words Examples: severe acute respiratory syndrome  SARS Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus  SCUBA

Other examples of Acronyms: Radio detecting and ranging For Your Information Thanks God It’s Friday also known as Hypertext mark-up language World wide web Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats Radar FYI TGIF a.k.a Html www SWOT

7. Onomatopoeia Definition: Words created to sound like the thing that they name. English Japanese Tagalog Indonesian Cock-a-doo Kokekokko Kuk-kakauk Kukuruyuk Meow Nya Niyaw Meong

8. Eponyms Kodak Sandwich Celcius Definition: Words derived from proper names or things. Examples: Kodak Sandwich Celcius

Complete the process and Identify the type of word formation: 1. Return on Investment  2. information, entertainment  3. modulator, demodulator  4. love, seat  5. International, police  6. A comb  7. Memorandum  8. Capt. Charles Cunningham Boycott  9. Fanatic  ROI  Infotainment  Modem  Loveseat  Interpol  To comb  Memo  Boycott  Fan  acronym blends compounding conversion clipping eponym

For each underlined word in each phrase or sentence, identify the morphemes and describe them. Example: An unfortunate error 3 morphemes: un-fortun-ate fortune : root; free morpheme un-: bound derivational prefix; e.g., 'unfair', 'unpredictable' -ate: bound derivational suffix; e.g., 'passionate', 'literate An unwritten record her two ex-husbands Which scenarios is unlikelier? the inspector's parking place we have misidentified the victim